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Questions and Answers
What part of the aorta emerges from the left ventricle?
What part of the aorta emerges from the left ventricle?
Which artery is NOT a branch of the aortic arch?
Which artery is NOT a branch of the aortic arch?
What do the internal carotid arteries supply?
What do the internal carotid arteries supply?
At which vertebra level does the aorta bifurcate?
At which vertebra level does the aorta bifurcate?
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Which artery supplies the organs in the pelvis?
Which artery supplies the organs in the pelvis?
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What structure is formed by the unification of the internal jugular and subclavian veins?
What structure is formed by the unification of the internal jugular and subclavian veins?
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What is the terminal branch of the femoral artery?
What is the terminal branch of the femoral artery?
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Which vein drains venous blood from the lower extremities?
Which vein drains venous blood from the lower extremities?
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Study Notes
Circulatory System II
- Venules have the lowest pressure.
- Capillaries are sites for gas exchange.
Great Vessels
- The aorta emerges from the left ventricle.
- At first, the aorta moves upwards, then curves downwards.
- Parts of the aorta:
- Ascending aorta
- Aortic arch
- Descending aorta (divided into thoracic and abdominal aorta)
- Location varies according to its region (imb and neck)
Aortic Arch
- Curves to the left, like an inverted U.
- Superior to the heart.
- Gives off three major arteries: brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery.
Arteries of the Upper Limb
- Subclavian artery is the artery of the upper extremity.
- Branches into axillary and then brachial arteries.
- Brachial artery terminates into ulnar and radial arteries.
- Changing angle for brachial pulse (radial and ulnar).
Common Carotid Artery
- Divides into internal and external carotid arteries.
- Internal carotid artery goes into skull cavity, nourishing the brain.
- External carotid artery nourishes head and neck structures except the brain.
- Foramen magnum separation.
Aorta Termination
- Aorta terminates at the level of L4 vertebra.
- Bifurcation is where aorta divides into two terminal branches.
- Right and left common iliac arteries.
- Each common iliac artery gives off internal and external iliac branches.
- Internal carotid artery supplies organs in the pelvis.
- External iliac artery continues as femoral artery, supplying lower extremity.
Femoral Artery
- Reaches the back of the knee, becoming the popliteal artery.
- Popliteal artery splits into anterior and posterior arteries.
Lower Limb Veins
- Superficial veins: Arcus venosus dorsalis, great saphenous, and small saphenous veins.
- Great saphenous vein opens into femoral vein.
- Small saphenous vein empties into popliteal vein.
Deep Veins of the Lower Limb
- Anterior and posterior tibial veins and fibular veins drain into popliteal veins.
- Popliteal vein continues as femoral vein in the thigh region.
Intravenous Injection
- Tourniquet is used for intravenous injection.
- Puncture site covered.
- Specimen retrieved.
- Angle of injection determined by the vein's location.
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Description
This quiz covers essential details about the circulatory system, focusing on venules, capillaries, and major vessels like the aorta and common carotid artery. Test your knowledge on the structure and function of arteries, and understand the pathways of blood circulation in the human body.
