Circulatory System: Electrical Conduction System
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of arteries in the circulatory system?

  • To regulate blood pressure
  • To carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart
  • To carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
  • To pump blood to the systemic circuit (correct)

    • What is the term for low blood pressure?

  • Atherosclerosis
  • Hypotension (correct)
  • Hypertension
  • Cardiac arrest

    • Which of the following blood cells plays a crucial role in blood clotting?

  • White blood cells
  • Red blood cells
  • Lymphocytes
  • Platelets (correct)

    • What is the term for a universal blood donor?

    <p>Type O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of capillaries in the circulatory system?

    <p>To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition characterized by low red blood cell count?

    <p>Anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nose in the respiratory system?

    <p>To filter, warm, and moisten the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs with each breath?

    <p>Tidal Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the passageway that divides into two bronchi, which then enter the lungs?

    <p>Trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled from the lungs?

    <p>Vital Capacity (FVC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two respiratory values are the same for both men and women?

    <p>FEV1 and FEV6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an Obstructive Disorder characterized by?

    <p>Restricted airflow due to lung damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Circulatory System

    • The electrical conduction system consists of:
      • SA Node (Sinoatrial Node): generates electrical impulses to trigger heartbeat
      • AV Node (Atrioventricular Node): relays electrical impulses from SA Node to Ventricles
      • Bundle of His: specialized fibers that carry electrical impulses to Ventricles
      • Bundle Branches: divide the Bundle of His into left and right branches
      • Purkinje Fibers: conduct electrical impulses to Ventricular muscle cells
    • Healthy Blood pressure: 120/80 mmHg
    • Hypertension: 140/90 mmHg or higher
    • Hypotension: 90/60 mmHg or lower
    • Main blood cells:
      • Red Blood Cells (RBCs): carry oxygen from lungs to body tissues
      • White Blood Cells (WBCs): part of immune system, fight infections
      • Platelets: involved in blood clotting

    Blood Vessels

    • Arteries:
      • Carry oxygenated blood away from heart to body tissues
    • Veins:
      • Carry deoxygenated blood back to heart
    • Capillaries:
      • Allow exchange of oxygen and nutrients for carbon dioxide and waste products

    Blood Flow

    • Steps of blood flow:
      • Heart (Right Ventricle) → Pulmonary Artery → Lungs → Pulmonary Veins → Heart (Left Atrium) → Aorta → Systemic Circuit → Capillaries → Venules → Veins → Heart (Right Atrium)

    Blood Type and Anemia

    • Universal donor: Type O negative (can be transfused to anyone)
    • Universal recipient: Type AB positive (can receive blood from anyone)
    • Low red blood cells: Anemia

    Heart Structures

    • 4 chambers: Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle
    • 4 valves: Tricuspid, Pulmonary, Mitral, Aortic
    • 2 arteries: Aorta, Pulmonary Artery
    • 2 veins: Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

    Respiratory System

    • Roles of the Respiratory System:
      • Moves air containing oxygen into lungs
      • Removes carbon dioxide from lungs
      • Provides surface area for gas exchange into cells
    • Oxygen is needed for cellular respiration (energy production)

    Respiratory Process

    • Steps of the respiratory system:
      • Nose: filters, warms, and humidifies air
      • Pharynx (throat): air passes through on its way to lungs
      • Larynx (voicebox): air passes through on its way to lungs
      • Trachea: divided into right and left bronchi
      • Bronchi: air passages that move air into lungs
      • Alveoli: gas exchange occurs

    Respiratory Values

    • Tidal Volume: volume of air inhaled or exhaled per breath
    • Respiratory minute volume: total volume of air inhaled per minute
    • Vital Capacity (FVC): maximum volume of air exhaled after maximum inhalation
    • FEV1: maximum volume of air exhaled in 1 second
    • Values same for both men and women: Respiratory rate, Tidal Volume

    Obstructive Disorder

    • Definition: a condition where airflow is partially or completely blocked
    • Examples: Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

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    Description

    This quiz covers the 5 parts of the electrical conduction system, their functions, and how they work together to regulate heartbeat.

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