Circulatory Physiology Quiz

Increased hematocrit directly increases blood's thickness (viscosity).

Albumin, glucose, urea, and water are crucial components of blood.

Tight junctions mainly make up the junctions between endothelial cells in capillaries.

Tight junctions primarily occur in capillaries.

Higher hematocrit leads to increased blood viscosity.

A type of immature red blood cell.

Process tagging pathogens for phagocytosis.

Colony-forming unit for B cells (Bone marrow).

Colony-forming unit for stem cells.

An early erythroid precursor cell.

The inner lining of blood vessels, composed of endothelial cells, has a smooth surface to minimize friction and allow blood to flow easily.

An enzyme that dissolves fibrin clots, helping to break down blood clots and restore normal blood flow.

A natural anticoagulant that prevents blood clotting by inhibiting the formation of thrombin, a key enzyme in the clotting process.

Thread-like proteins that form a mesh-like network during blood clotting, trapping blood cells and forming a stable clot.

This refers to the immune system, which acts as the final barrier against invading pathogens, mounting a specific and targeted response to eliminate infections.

The muscular tube connecting the throat (pharynx) to the stomach, responsible for transporting food.

One of the two vagus nerves, it controls various body functions including heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate. It's located on the right side of the body.

A branch of the right vagus nerve that loops under the right subclavian artery before ascending to the larynx, responsible for voice production.

One of the two vagus nerves, it controls various body functions including heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate. It's located on the left side of the body.

The hollow space within the vertebral column, which encloses and protects the spinal cord.

The upper chamber of the heart on the right side, receiving deoxygenated blood from the body.

The lower chamber of the heart on the right side, pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

The upper chamber of the heart on the left side, receiving oxygenated blood from the lungs.

The lower chamber of the heart on the left side, pumping oxygenated blood to the body.

A protein structure with five identical subunits arranged together.

The internal thoracic artery supplies blood to the chest wall and gives rise to several important branches, including the anterior intercostal arteries, the musculophrenic artery, and the superior epigastric artery.

These arteries arise from the internal thoracic artery and supply blood to the intercostal spaces, which are the spaces between the ribs.

A branch of the internal thoracic artery that continues towards the diaphragm, supplying blood to the diaphragm and the muscles of the abdominal wall.

Another branch of the internal thoracic artery that descends into the abdomen, supplying blood to the upper abdominal wall structures.

A sac-like structure that encloses the heart, providing protection and lubrication.