30 Questions
What is the primary mechanism of edema due to liver disease?
Decrease in osmotic pressure of the blood
What is the term for the accumulation of fluids in interstitial tissue, serous cavities, or lung alveoli?
Edema
Which of the following is NOT a cause of increased hydrostatic pressure of the blood leading to edema?
Malnutrition
What is the term for the formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel?
Thrombosis
What is the term for the obstruction of a blood vessel by a clot or other material that has traveled from another part of the body?
Embolism
Which of the following is a cause of increased osmotic pressure of interstitial tissue leading to edema?
Inflammation
What is a primary cause of localized oedema in elephantiasis?
Lymphatic obstruction
What is the term for an increase in blood flow in an organ or tissue due to dilatation of arteries or arterioles?
Hyperaemia
Which type of heart failure is characterized by pulmonary venous congestion?
Left-sided heart failure
What is a common feature of chronic venous congestion in congestive heart failure?
Congested pulsating neck veins
Which type of oedema is most obvious in the face and eyelids?
Renal oedema
What is the primary mechanism of thrombosis formation in the context of endothelial injury?
Coagulation system activation
Which of the following is a common site for thrombosis in the heart?
Atria
What is the term for a type of oedema that occurs due to increased permeability of capillaries?
Inflammation
What is the term for a thrombus that forms in the veins due to lack of motility?
Phlebothrombosis
What is the term for the solid mass formed by the entanglement of blood elements and fibrin?
Thrombus
What is the term for the three primary influences that predispose to thrombus formation?
Virchow triad
Which of the following is a common site for thrombosis in the arteries?
Atherosclerosis
What is the term for the impaction of an undissolved substance carried by the blood in a blood vessel that is too small to permit further passage?
Embolism
What is the most likely diagnosis for a 30-year-old male patient who complains of severe chest pain and dyspnea after 3 months of recumbency following a fracture of the tibia?
Fat embolism
What is the term for the formation of blood clots within blood vessels during life?
Thrombosis
What is the result of the fragmentation of a thrombus?
Thrombotic emboli
What is the term for the spread of tumor cells through the blood vessels?
Tumor emboli
What is the term for the condition characterized by the formation of blood clots within blood vessels throughout the body?
Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy
What is the consequence of a large embolus occluding a pulmonary artery branch?
Pain and dyspnea
What is the definition of ischemia?
Decreased blood supply relative to demand
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of thrombus?
Formed after death or outside the CVS
What is the most likely mechanism of edema in a 60-year-old male with liver cirrhosis?
Decreased osmotic pressure
What is the term for the necrosis of tissue due to ischemia?
Ischemic necrosis
Which of the following organs is an example of an organ with end arteries?
Kidney
This quiz covers the pathogenesis and characteristics of various circulatory disturbances, including edema, hyperemia, thrombosis, embolism, and infarction.
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