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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action for histamine-2 receptor antagonists, such as cimetidine?
Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action for histamine-2 receptor antagonists, such as cimetidine?
- Inhibiting the H+, K+ ATPase enzyme system to reduce acid production.
- Neutralizing gastric acid after it is secreted.
- Blocking histamine's action at H2 receptor sites, thus reducing gastric acid secretion. (correct)
- Forming a protective layer over ulcers to shield them from stomach acid.
A patient with a duodenal ulcer is prescribed cimetidine. What potential adverse effect should the nurse monitor for?
A patient with a duodenal ulcer is prescribed cimetidine. What potential adverse effect should the nurse monitor for?
- Improved renal function.
- Electrolyte imbalances. (correct)
- Increased appetite.
- Decreased risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
Why is prolonged use of histamine-2 antagonists, such as cimetidine, generally discouraged?
Why is prolonged use of histamine-2 antagonists, such as cimetidine, generally discouraged?
- It directly damages the stomach lining, increasing the risk of ulcer formation.
- It enhances the body's natural acid production, leading to dependence.
- It can lead to nutrient malabsorption due to the necessity of stomach acid for proper digestion. (correct)
- It increases the risk of developing H. pylori infections.
A patient is prescribed omeprazole for long-term management of GERD. Which potential adverse effect should the nurse educate the patient about?
A patient is prescribed omeprazole for long-term management of GERD. Which potential adverse effect should the nurse educate the patient about?
Why is it important to administer proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole 30-60 minutes before meals?
Why is it important to administer proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole 30-60 minutes before meals?
What is the most likely reason that a patient taking omeprazole should be monitored for increased bleeding if they are also taking warfarin?
What is the most likely reason that a patient taking omeprazole should be monitored for increased bleeding if they are also taking warfarin?
A patient with a duodenal ulcer is prescribed sucralfate. What is the primary mechanism by which sucralfate promotes ulcer healing?
A patient with a duodenal ulcer is prescribed sucralfate. What is the primary mechanism by which sucralfate promotes ulcer healing?
A patient with renal failure is prescribed sucralfate for an oral ulcer. What concern exists regarding the use of sucralfate in this patient population?
A patient with renal failure is prescribed sucralfate for an oral ulcer. What concern exists regarding the use of sucralfate in this patient population?
A patient taking sucralfate complains of dry mouth. What nursing intervention is most appropriate to address this adverse effect?
A patient taking sucralfate complains of dry mouth. What nursing intervention is most appropriate to address this adverse effect?
Why should sucralfate be administered separately from certain other medications like digoxin or warfarin?
Why should sucralfate be administered separately from certain other medications like digoxin or warfarin?
A patient is started on cimetidine. Which of the following assessment findings would warrant further investigation?
A patient is started on cimetidine. Which of the following assessment findings would warrant further investigation?
An elderly patient with confusion is prescribed cimetidine. What specific precaution should the nurse implement?
An elderly patient with confusion is prescribed cimetidine. What specific precaution should the nurse implement?
A patient taking omeprazole reports a persistent cough. What is the likely reason for this adverse effect?
A patient taking omeprazole reports a persistent cough. What is the likely reason for this adverse effect?
Which of the following instructions should a nurse provide to a patient who is prescribed sucralfate?
Which of the following instructions should a nurse provide to a patient who is prescribed sucralfate?
What is the primary indication for using a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in a patient with GERD who also tests positive for H. pylori?
What is the primary indication for using a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in a patient with GERD who also tests positive for H. pylori?
Which assessment is most important for a patient who is prescribed a PPI who has a history of osteoporosis?
Which assessment is most important for a patient who is prescribed a PPI who has a history of osteoporosis?
What can happen if the granules of a PPI that comes in capsule form is crushed and put down a NG tube?
What can happen if the granules of a PPI that comes in capsule form is crushed and put down a NG tube?
When should an H2 antagonist be administered in relation to an antacid?
When should an H2 antagonist be administered in relation to an antacid?
Which of the following medications is used to treat ulcers caused by chemotherapy?
Which of the following medications is used to treat ulcers caused by chemotherapy?
What medication increases gastric secretions?
What medication increases gastric secretions?
Flashcards
Histamine-2 Antagonist (Cimetidine)
Histamine-2 Antagonist (Cimetidine)
Inhibits histamine action at H2 receptor sites in the stomach, reducing gastric acid secretion.
Cimetidine Indications
Cimetidine Indications
Active duodenal ulcers, benign gastric ulcers, stress-induced ulcers, GERD, and heartburn.
Cimetidine Cautions
Cimetidine Cautions
Hepatic/renal dysfunction and prolonged/continual use (risk due to reduced stomach acid needed for nutrient absorption such as B12).
Cimetidine Side Effects
Cimetidine Side Effects
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Cimetidine Implications
Cimetidine Implications
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Proton Pump Inhibitor (Omeprazole)
Proton Pump Inhibitor (Omeprazole)
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Omeprazole Indications
Omeprazole Indications
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Omeprazole Assessments
Omeprazole Assessments
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Omeprazole Side Effects
Omeprazole Side Effects
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Omeprazole Implications
Omeprazole Implications
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Omeprazole Administration
Omeprazole Administration
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GI Protectant (Sucralfate)
GI Protectant (Sucralfate)
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Sucralfate Indications
Sucralfate Indications
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Sucralfate Cautions
Sucralfate Cautions
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Sucralfate Side Effects
Sucralfate Side Effects
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Study Notes
Histamine-2 Antagonist (Cimetidine)
- Decreases acid to aid digestion and nutrient absorption.
- Inhibits histamine action at H2 receptor sites in the stomach, reducing gastric acid secretion.
- Indicated for active duodenal ulcers, benign gastric ulcers, stress-induced ulcers, GERD, and heartburn.
- Use with caution in patients with hepatic/renal dysfunction.
- Prolonged/continual use is not advised due to the necessity of acid in the stomach.
- Assess for gynecomastia and electrolyte levels.
- Adverse effects include electrolyte imbalances due to absorption issues, gynecomastia, cardiac arrest, and cardiac arrhythmias.
- Use cautiously in older adults with confusion or disorientation.
- Administer 1-2 hours before antacids.
Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) - Omeprazole
- Inhibits the H+, K+ ATPase enzyme system, decreasing gastric acid levels.
- Indicated for ulcers, heartburn, GERD, and H. Pylori.
- Testing for H. Pylori is recommended for GERD.
- Assess electrolyte levels and B12 levels, monitor for cough.
- May cause vitamin B12 deficiency with long-term use due to impaired absorption.
- May increase bleeding when taken with warfarin (Comadin).
- Granules can clog NG tubes if administered that way.
- Do not crush delayed-release granules.
- Administer 30-60 minutes before meals.
GI Protectant - Sucralfate
- Forms an ulcer-adherent complex at the duodenal site.
- Protects the site from acid, bile salts, and pepsin.
- Indicated for duodenal ulcers, oral/esophageal ulcers, and chemotherapy.
- Drug interactions include aluminum salts, digoxin, and warfarin.
- Contraindicated in renal failure.
- Adverse effects include dry mouth and back pain.
- Oral care and hydration is important due to dry mouth.
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