Questions and Answers
Which method is NOT typically associated with ensuring data integrity?
What is the primary goal of accountability in a security context?
Which principle best describes the need to restrict user permissions to only what is necessary?
Which option is primarily associated with verification of user identity?
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Which example illustrates a security measure for ensuring data availability?
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What does non-repudiation help to establish?
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Which of the following best defines authorization?
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Which strategy effectively mitigates the risks associated with user access rights?
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Study Notes
Confidentiality
- Protection of sensitive information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification, or destruction
- Ensures that only authorized entities have access to information
- Examples: encryption, access control, passwords
Integrity
- Protection of data from unauthorized modification, deletion, or alteration
- Ensures that data is accurate, complete, and not modified without authorization
- Examples: digital signatures, checksums, backup and recovery systems
Availability
- Ensuring that data and systems are accessible and usable when needed
- Protection against denial of service (DoS) and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks
- Examples: redundancy, failover systems, disaster recovery plans
Authentication
- Verifying the identity of users, systems, or entities
- Ensures that only authorized entities have access to resources
- Examples: username/password, biometric authentication, Kerberos
Authorization
- Controlling access to resources based on user identity, role, or privileges
- Ensures that users only have access to resources they are authorized to use
- Examples: access control lists (ACLs), role-based access control (RBAC), mandatory access control (MAC)
Accountability
- Tracking and monitoring user actions and activities
- Ensures that users are responsible for their actions and can be held accountable
- Examples: auditing, logging, intrusion detection systems
Non-Repudiation
- Ensuring that a user cannot deny having performed an action
- Provides proof of ownership or origin of data
- Examples: digital signatures, timestamps, receipts
Least Privilege
- Granting users and systems only the minimum privileges necessary to perform their tasks
- Reduces the attack surface and limits the damage in case of a breach
- Examples: principle of least privilege, segregation of duties, Just-In-Time (JIT) access
Confidentiality
- Protects sensitive information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification, or destruction.
- Authorized entities are guaranteed access to sensitive data.
- Utilizes methods like encryption, access control, and passwords to safeguard information.
Integrity
- Safeguards data from unauthorized modification, deletion, or alteration.
- Ensures data remains accurate, complete, and unaltered without permission.
- Employs tools such as digital signatures, checksums, and backup and recovery systems to maintain data validity.
Availability
- Guarantees that data and systems are accessible and operational when required.
- Protects against attacks like denial of service (DoS) and distributed denial of service (DDoS).
- Implements strategies such as redundancy, failover systems, and disaster recovery plans to enhance system availability.
Authentication
- Confirms the identity of users, systems, or entities seeking access.
- Ensures resource access is restricted to authorized parties only.
- Common methods include username/password combinations, biometric authentication, and Kerberos security protocol.
Authorization
- Governs access to resources by evaluating user identity, role, or privileges.
- Guarantees users access solely to resources they are permitted to use.
- Utilizes models such as access control lists (ACLs), role-based access control (RBAC), and mandatory access control (MAC) to enforce permissions.
Accountability
- Involves tracking and monitoring user actions and activities to ensure responsibility.
- Makes users accountable for their actions within a system.
- Techniques include auditing, logging activities, and utilizing intrusion detection systems.
Non-Repudiation
- Ensures that a user cannot deny participation in a specific action or transaction.
- Provides verifiable proof of data ownership or origin.
- Techniques include using digital signatures, timestamps, and receipts to guarantee actions are traceable.
Least Privilege
- Grants users and systems the minimum necessary privileges to execute their functions.
- Aims to minimize potential attack vectors and mitigate damage during a security breach.
- Implements principles such as least privilege, segregation of duties, and Just-In-Time (JIT) access.
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Description
This quiz covers the core principles of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability in Information Security. Learn about protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access and ensuring data accuracy.
