Chronic Diseases and Dietary Impacts
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Questions and Answers

Which chronic condition has the highest risk of exacerbation due to non-compliance with dietary restrictions?

  • Cancer
  • Heart disease (correct)
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Chronic lower respiratory diseases

    • What is a significant factor that contributes to the progression of chronic diseases?

  • Frequent exacerbation and remission (correct)
  • Age-related immunity increase
  • Increased medication adherence
  • Regular exercise and healthy diet

    • Which demographic factor primarily increases the risk of osteoporosis?

  • Low alcohol consumption
  • Hormonal changes related to menopause (correct)
  • High calcium intake
  • Regular weight-bearing exercise

    • What is the definition of polypharmacy?

    <p>Simultaneous use of multiple medications for the same condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about dementia is true?

    <p>It affects about one in five adults older than 70 years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are polyunsaturated fatty acids mainly known for?

    <p>Containing two or more unfilled spots for hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property distinguishes saturated fatty acids from unsaturated fatty acids?

    <p>They are fully bound to hydrogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of essential fatty acids?

    <p>To contribute to a deficiency disease when absent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the caloric value of one gram of fat?

    <p>9 kcal/g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does cholesterol play in the body?

    <p>It aids in insulation and protection of vital organs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes adaptive coping strategies?

    <p>Consulting others for support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of maladaptive coping?

    <p>Sleeping excessively to avoid stressors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coping approach involves actively changing the stressor?

    <p>Altering the stressor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the formula E+R=O represent in coping with stress?

    <p>Event + Reaction = Outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant indicator of well-being for young-old individuals aged 65 to 74?

    <p>Use of leisure time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a person's overall health status influence their coping strategies?

    <p>Stressors can motivate healthy individuals to adopt constructive behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which age group faces the challenge of a solitary, sedentary lifestyle?

    <p>Middle-old (75-84 years)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of adapting to a stressor?

    <p>Changing how one thinks about the stressor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary goals of Adapted Physical Activity (APA) programs for older adults?

    <p>Correcting a sedentary lifestyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes avoiding a stressor?

    <p>May lead to healthier coping when used appropriately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age do individuals start to experience effects of chronic illnesses that began in middle adulthood?

    <p>Age 65</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT associated with memory loss in older adults?

    <p>Increased sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can influence a person's adaptation to stress?

    <p>Support system available to them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common challenge faced by the oldest-old age group (85 years and older)?

    <p>Functional limitations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of engaging in regular mental exercises for older adults?

    <p>Stimulates the brain and enhances memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable characteristic of centenarians?

    <p>Favorable interactions between genetics and environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between chronic diseases and older adults' morbidity?

    <p>Higher morbidity rates are linked to chronic diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive decline is more common in older adults?

    <p>Loss of short-term memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily emphasized in spirituality compared to religion?

    <p>A personal quest for meaning and satisfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a core issue of spirituality?

    <p>Judgment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'faith' represent in the context of spirituality?

    <p>A global framework of beliefs shaped over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is hope described in the context of spirituality?

    <p>A fundamental human need for positive outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes unconditional love in spiritual terms?

    <p>Demonstrated through kindness and endurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of spirituality's 'dynamic relationship'?

    <p>Transcending limitations of knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common barrier to spiritual care?

    <p>Lack of general awareness of spirituality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does love play in the context of health, according to spirituality?

    <p>Interconnected with personal well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best encapsulates the relationship between spirituality and personal beliefs?

    <p>Individual beliefs are pivotal to one’s spiritual journey</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of life experiences contributes to the development of faith?

    <p>Events that lead to suffering and joy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor in Virchow’s triad contributes to an increased risk of DVT formation?

    <p>Activation of clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of shallow respirations in the lungs?

    <p>Pooling of secretions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a likely metabolic change associated with prolonged immobility?

    <p>Decreased energy levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can result from stagnant urine due to a supine position?

    <p>Urinary tract infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can excessive pressure over bony prominences lead to?

    <p>Pressure injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of decreased peristalsis in the gastrointestinal system?

    <p>Constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormonal response is triggered in the body during stress due to immobility?

    <p>Increase in thyroid hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change occurs in calcium metabolism due to prolonged immobility?

    <p>Altered parathyroid function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chapter 10 - Older Adults

    • Life Expectancy: In 1900, life expectancy was 49.2 years. By 2015, it had risen to 78.8 years.
    • Racial Disparities: In both 1900 and 2015, racial groups showed differences in life expectancy. White people had a higher life expectancy than African Americans in 2015.
    • Aging Theories:
      • Wear-and-Tear Theory: Repeated insults and metabolic waste products cause cells to wear out.
      • Genetic Theory: Cells have a predetermined number of cell divisions.
      • Cellular Malfunction Theory: Cell malfunction in DNA leads to problems with replication. This can be caused by DNA crosslinking; free radicals damaging cells; or a buildup of toxins.
      • Autoimmune Reaction Theory: Immune response identifies age-related changes and treats cells as foreign substances.

    Stages of Older Adulthood

    • Young-Old (65-74): This group primarily faces adjustments to retirement. Maintaining good physical and psychological health is important. Leisure time activities and addressing chronic illnesses are major considerations.

    • Middle-Old (75-84): Solitary activities and sedentary lifestyle become more common. Physical activity is lower compared to other age groups.

    • Oldest-Old (85+): This is the fastest-growing segment. Challenges include sensory issues, oral health, nutrition, and functional limitations.

    Cognitive Development in Older Adults

    • Reaction time slows, and short-term memory declines. Processing incoming information takes longer.

    • Loss of short-term memory is more common than loss of long-term memory.

    • Physical health concerns, or medication side effects, can impair memory.

    Common Health Problems in Older Adults

    • Chronic diseases (heart disease, cancer, chronic lung disease, stroke, diabetes, accidents, flu, and pneumonia) are common causes of death.

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    Older Adults Study Guide PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on chronic conditions and their relationship with dietary restrictions. This quiz covers topics from polypharmacy to essential fatty acids, highlighting key factors that influence chronic disease progression and management. Perfect for health professionals and students alike.

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