Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which chromosome has approximately 2000 different genes?
Which chromosome has approximately 2000 different genes?
Chromosome 15 has more genes than chromosome 1.
Chromosome 15 has more genes than chromosome 1.
False
What do the colored stripes in a chromosome diagram represent?
What do the colored stripes in a chromosome diagram represent?
Different genes
Each gene controls a specific characteristic of the ________.
Each gene controls a specific characteristic of the ________.
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Match the chromosomes with their number of genes:
Match the chromosomes with their number of genes:
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What structural shape does DNA take?
What structural shape does DNA take?
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DNA was discovered in the 1940s.
DNA was discovered in the 1940s.
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Which chromosomes carry genes that influence eye color?
Which chromosomes carry genes that influence eye color?
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Each segment of DNA represents a _____.
Each segment of DNA represents a _____.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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How many chromosomes are present in human cells?
How many chromosomes are present in human cells?
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Chromosomes in a cell are always visible, regardless of whether the cell is dividing or not.
Chromosomes in a cell are always visible, regardless of whether the cell is dividing or not.
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What are the thick chromosomes in fruit flies commonly referred to as?
What are the thick chromosomes in fruit flies commonly referred to as?
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The longest chromosome is numbered as chromosome ____.
The longest chromosome is numbered as chromosome ____.
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Match the following species with their chromosome counts:
Match the following species with their chromosome counts:
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Which of the following species has the fewest chromosomes?
Which of the following species has the fewest chromosomes?
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Chromosomes are not numbered but can be identified by their distinct color.
Chromosomes are not numbered but can be identified by their distinct color.
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What happens to chromosomes just before a cell divides?
What happens to chromosomes just before a cell divides?
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Study Notes
Chromosomes
- The nucleus of every cell contains threads called chromosomes
- Chromosomes were discovered in the nineteenth century
- Scientists first had sufficiently powerful microscopes to see very small things, such as the structure of cells
- When viewed looking at cells using a microscope, chromosomes are not visible unless the cell is dividing
- Chromosomes become visible when stained with special stains
- This photograph shows a plant cell that is just beginning to divide into two cells
- The cells have been stained with a special dye that colours the chromosomes dark red
- You can't really see other structures in the cell
- This photograph shows a chromosome from a fruit fly. Fruit flies have especially thick chromosomes, called giant chromosomes, which are much easier to see than most chromosomes
- Different species of organisms have different numbers of chromosomes in the nuclei of their cells
- Human cells have 46 chromosomes
- Fruit fly cells have eight chromosomes
- Mango trees have 40 chromosomes
- The longest chromosome in a human cell is chromosome 2
- We have two of each kind of chromosome in a human cell
- The photograph shows all the chromosomes in a human cell, lined up in size order
- If you look very closely at this photograph, you may be able to see that each chromosome looks like a cross shape
- Each chromosome makes a copy of itself just before a cell divides. The two copies stay joined together part-way along their length
Chromosome numbers of different organisms
- Potato - 48 chromosomes
- Shark - 28 chromosomes
- Lion - 38 chromosomes
- Parrot - 80 chromosomes
- Dog - 38 chromosomes
- Sunflower - 17 chromosomes
- Lily - 24 chromosomes
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Description
This quiz explores the fascinating world of chromosomes, their discovery, and their visibility during cell division. Learn about how different organisms vary in chromosome numbers and the techniques used to visualize these essential structures. Test your understanding of the key concepts surrounding chromosomes and their role in genetics.
