Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of a Punnett square?

  • To illustrate the inheritance of a single gene
  • To determine the probability of a recessive allele appearing
  • To show the physical traits of the parents
  • To predict the genotypes of offspring in a genetic cross (correct)

In the example Punnett square provided, what is the genotype of the male parent?

  • Ff (correct)
  • It is not provided in the text
  • FF
  • ff

Based on the Punnett square example, what is the probability that the offspring will not have freckles?

  • 75%
  • 100%
  • 25%
  • 50% (correct)

What is the significance of the capital and lowercase letters used to represent the alleles in the Punnett square?

<p>They indicate the relative dominance of the alleles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During mitosis, what happens to the chromosomes in a parent cell?

<p>The chromosomes duplicate, ensuring each daughter cell has the same number of chromosome pairs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between mitosis and meiosis?

<p>Mitosis produces genetically identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces genetically diverse gametes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Punnett square?

<p>To predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the genetic material in sex cells after meiosis?

<p>Each sex cell contains half the number of chromosomes as a body cell, with one allele for each trait. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during fertilization in terms of the genetic material?

<p>The genetic material from the egg and sperm combines, resulting in a full set of chromosomes in the offspring. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the probability of an offspring having freckles in a cross between a freckled male (genotype Ff) and a nonfreckled female (genotype ff)?

<p>50% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a freckled male with genotype FF crosses with a nonfreckled female with genotype ff, what would be the genotype of the offspring?

<p>FF (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using a Punnett square in genetics?

<p>To determine the probability of specific genotypes in offspring (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If both parents are heterozygous for freckles (Ff), what is the probability that their offspring will be homozygous recessive for freckles (ff)?

<p>0% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a genetic cross between two parents, how does the Punnett square help in understanding the outcome?

<p>By showing every possible combination of alleles in the offspring (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a diploid organism has a total of 12 chromosomes, how many pairs of homologous chromosomes would be present in its body cells?

<p>6 pairs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate from each other?

<p>Anaphase I (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a parent organism is heterozygous for a particular trait (Aa), what is the probability that its offspring will exhibit the recessive phenotype (aa) when crossed with another heterozygous parent?

<p>1/4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where two different alleles for a trait are present in an organism?

<p>Heterozygosity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a Punnett square representing a dihybrid cross, how many different genotypic combinations are possible for the offspring?

<p>16 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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