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Questions and Answers
What is the equation for efficiency (N) in terms of retention time (tR) and peak width (W)?
What is the equation for efficiency (N) in terms of retention time (tR) and peak width (W)?
- $N = 4 \left(\frac{tR}{W}\right)$
- $N = 4 \left(\frac{tR,B}{W}\right)$
- $N = 4 \left(\frac{tR,B}{W}\right)^2$
- $N = 16 \left(\frac{tR}{W}\right)^2$ (correct)
What is the formula for retention factor (Rs) in terms of retention times (tR,A and tR,B), efficiency (N), and peak width (W)?
What is the formula for retention factor (Rs) in terms of retention times (tR,A and tR,B), efficiency (N), and peak width (W)?
- $Rs = \frac{tR,B - tR,A}{4(N)^{1/2}}$
- $Rs = \frac{tR,B - tR,A}{4tR,B/(N)^{1/2}}$ (correct)
- $Rs = \frac{tR,B - tR,A}{4}$
- $Rs = \frac{tR,B - tR,A}{4tR,B}$
What is the relationship between Rs and N in equation (3)?
What is the relationship between Rs and N in equation (3)?
- $Rs \propto N^{1/3}$
- $Rs \propto N$
- $Rs \propto (N)^{1/2}$ (correct)
- $Rs \propto N^2$
What must be adjusted to obtain a good resolution according to the text?
What must be adjusted to obtain a good resolution according to the text?
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What does increasing the retention time lead to according to the text?
What does increasing the retention time lead to according to the text?
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Study Notes
Resolution in Chromatography
- Resolution (Rs) is a fundamental characteristic of chromatographic separation, measuring how well two peaks are separated from each other.
- A higher resolution indicates better separation of peaks, which is essential for effective separation.
Factors Affecting Resolution
- The greater the separation of zones (∆Z) from each other, the larger the resolution (Rs).
- The smaller the zone width (WA or WB), the larger the resolution (Rs).
Calculating Resolution
- Resolution (Rs) can be calculated using the chromatogram curve: Rs = ∆Z / (WA+WB)/2 = 2 ∆Z / (WA+WB)
- If the zone widths are equal (WA=WB=W), the formula simplifies to: Rs = (tR,B – tR,A) /W
Key Equation
- Rs = 2 ∆Z / (WA+WB)
- Rs = (tR,B – tR,A) /W (when WA=WB=W)
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