Chromatid and Cell Division Biology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are sister chromatids?

  • Chromatids that originate from different homologous chromosomes.
  • Chromatids that do not separate during anaphase.
  • Chromatids produced through the replication of a single chromatid during the G1 phase.
  • Identical chromatids formed during the synthesis phase of interphase. (correct)

What is the role of the centromere in a chromosome?

  • It is the point where both sister chromatids are joined together. (correct)
  • It provides structural support to homologous chromosomes.
  • It allows chromatids to remain separated during mitosis.
  • It is involved in the replication of chromatids.

During which stage do sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles?

  • Metaphase II of meiosis
  • Anaphase of mitosis (correct)
  • Prophase of mitosis
  • Telophase of meiosis

What distinguishes non-sister chromatids from sister chromatids?

<p>Non-sister chromatids come from different chromosomes, while sister chromatids are identical replicas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about chromatids is true?

<p>Each chromosome contains two identical chromatids after replication. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily differentiates sister chromatids from homologous chromosomes?

<p>Sister chromatids are formed through replication within the same chromosome. (C), Sister chromatids are always genetically identical to each other. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs to the chromatids during mitotic anaphase?

<p>The sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which phase of the cell cycle are sister chromatids produced?

<p>Synthesis (S) phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the centromere in relation to chromatids?

<p>It serves as the point of attachment for sister chromatids. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe chromatids that are not sister chromatids?

<p>Non-sister chromatids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Sister Chromatids

Identical copies of a single chromosome created during DNA replication.

Centromere

The constricted region of a chromosome where sister chromatids are attached.

Anaphase (Mitosis)

The stage of mitosis where sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell, resulting in two identical daughter cells.

Non-Sister Chromatids

Chromatids from different chromosomes (not identical copies).

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Chromatid Replication

Each replicated chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids joined at the centromere.

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Sister vs Homologous

Sister chromatids are duplicates arising from replication of the same chromosome.

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Chromatid Separation

The separation of sister chromatids, pulled by spindle fibers, to opposite poles during anaphase of mitosis.

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Synthesis (S) Phase

A key phase of the cell cycle, specifically during interphase, where DNA replication takes place, creating sister chromatids.

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Centromere & Chromatids

The centromere acts as the binding point for sister chromatids, ensuring they remain connected until anaphase.

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Non-Sister Chromatids

Chromatids that originate from different chromosomes, not from the same chromosome.

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Study Notes

Chromatid Overview

  • Metaphase chromosomes consist of two identical parts called chromatids.
  • The point where the two chromatids are joined is known as the centromere.

Chromatid Separation

  • Chromatids separate during mitotic anaphase and anaphase II of meiosis.
  • Upon separation, chromatids move towards opposite poles of the cell.

Sister vs. Non-Sister Chromatids

  • Sister chromatids are created by the replication of a single chromatid during the synthesis (S) phase of interphase.
  • Non-sister chromatids refer to the chromatids of homologous chromosomes, which are not identical to each other.

Chromatid Overview

  • Metaphase chromosomes consist of two identical parts called chromatids.
  • The point where the two chromatids are joined is known as the centromere.

Chromatid Separation

  • Chromatids separate during mitotic anaphase and anaphase II of meiosis.
  • Upon separation, chromatids move towards opposite poles of the cell.

Sister vs. Non-Sister Chromatids

  • Sister chromatids are created by the replication of a single chromatid during the synthesis (S) phase of interphase.
  • Non-sister chromatids refer to the chromatids of homologous chromosomes, which are not identical to each other.

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