Christology and the Kerygma

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Questions and Answers

What role did Fr. Emil Kapaun serve during the Korean War?

US Army general

Intelligence officer

US Army chaplain (correct)

Medical officer

What unique actions did Fr. Kapaun take to support fellow soldiers in the POW camp?

He led military strategies.

He removed lice and gave away his food. (correct)

He built escape tunnels.

He trained soldiers in combat.

Which of the following demonstrates Jesus' concept of friendship according to the content?

Avoiding those who have made mistakes.

Building relationships with marginalized individuals. (correct)

Favoring the wealthy and powerful.

Selecting only people who share similar beliefs.

What is the kerygma primarily about?

Jesus Christ and his essential message. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Jesus' crucifixion, what does humility signify?

Making a personal sacrifice for others. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of Jesus is emphasized through his interactions with people?

Gentle strength and service to others. Signup and view all the answers

Which figure is highlighted among Jesus' notable friends?

Matthew the tax collector Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the themes of the kerygma?

Jesus ascended to heaven and is seated at the right hand of God. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Christ during the Parousia?

To act as the supreme judge of humanity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes hell according to Catholic teaching?

A state of being separated from God with no possibility of return Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about purgatory in Catholic belief?

It is a stage of purification before entering heaven Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Communion of Saints' primarily refer to?

The unity of all Christians in faith and practices Signup and view all the answers

How will those who follow the will of Christ be treated at the end of time?

They will be welcomed into God’s eternal kingdom Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of heaven as described?

A definitive description of its physical form Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary functions of the sacramental life in the Communion of Saints?

To foster unity among believers and fulfill Christ's teachings Signup and view all the answers

What is said to be the state of the relationship between God and humanity in heaven?

It is restored to perfection as intended from the beginning Signup and view all the answers

Why are the practices of charity and sacramental life important in the Catholic faith?

They tie Christ's followers and reflect their commitment to others Signup and view all the answers

What will occur just before the coming of the Kingdom of God according to the beliefs stated?

The complete separation of the just from the unjust Signup and view all the answers

What event does Pentecost signify in the context of the Christian Church?

The birth of the Church Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symbols represents the Holy Spirit's revealing and hidden nature?

A cloud and light Signup and view all the answers

What was the main theme of the Benedictine Rule?

Absolute obedience to the Abbot Signup and view all the answers

Which gift of the Holy Spirit allows us to see God at work in our lives?

Wisdom Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the disadvantages of the legalization of Christianity under Constantine?

Political leaders influenced church decisions Signup and view all the answers

What is the biblical representation of the Holy Spirit associated with the concept of spiritual thirst?

Water Signup and view all the answers

Which fruit of the Holy Spirit is characterized by showing kindness and generosity?

Gentleness Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the practice of combining the power of the secular government with the church?

Caesaropapism Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT considered one of the gifts of the Holy Spirit?

Intellect Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Chi-Rho symbol in relation to Constantine?

It represented a vision he had during a battle Signup and view all the answers

Which figure is known for emphasizing the importance of adapting missionary teachings to local cultures?

Matteo Ricci Signup and view all the answers

What does the term Theotokos mean?

Mother of God Signup and view all the answers

What does the Assumption teach about Mary?

Mary was taken up into heaven body and soul Signup and view all the answers

What historical role did monasteries play in the Middle Ages?

They were centers of education and book production Signup and view all the answers

Which Pope ruled against the method of 'accommodation' used by Jesuit missionaries?

Pope Clement XI Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of laying on of hands in connection to the Holy Spirit?

It is a means for healing and blessings. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT represent a symbol of the Holy Spirit?

Wine Signup and view all the answers

How did Saint Ignatius of Loyola perceive the Jesuits?

As spiritual soldiers Signup and view all the answers

What did the Edict of Milan accomplish?

It allowed for the free exercise of all religions Signup and view all the answers

What is the belief regarding Mary's perpetual virginity?

She had no other children after Jesus. Signup and view all the answers

How does the gift of courage empower a believer?

By enabling them to stand up for what is right. Signup and view all the answers

What did Monasticism primarily involve?

Communities following a set of rules and regulations Signup and view all the answers

What is one major characteristic of Jesus in relation to marginalized groups?

He sought out and associated with the poor and outcasts. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic best describes a person with reverence?

Deep sense of respect for God Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a vow taken by members of monastic communities following the Benedictine Rule?

Wealth accumulation Signup and view all the answers

What does the gift of knowledge help a believer with?

Understanding God’s Revelation Signup and view all the answers

Which artistic depiction showcases Jesus’ dual nature as divine and human?

Christ the Pantocrator Signup and view all the answers

What impact did Jesuits have during the Catholic Reformation?

They won back many to Catholicism and founded schools Signup and view all the answers

What was Paul's background before his conversion?

A Greek-speaking Roman citizen and former Christian persecutor Signup and view all the answers

Who is recognized as the first pope in Christian history?

St.Peter Signup and view all the answers

What critical perspective should one adopt while studying church history?

Impartiality and detachment Signup and view all the answers

What significant event occurred during Saul's conversion?

He heard a voice identifying as Jesus. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of letters are referred to as Catholic Epistles?

Letters intended for universal Christian guidance. Signup and view all the answers

What primary focus does 'The Letter of James' pursue?

Practical application of Jesus' teachings in daily life. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'The Letter to the Hebrews' primarily discuss?

Christ as priest and ultimate sacrifice. Signup and view all the answers

What theme is emphasized in the First Letter of Peter?

Imitating Jesus' example in times of suffering. Signup and view all the answers

What does the apocalyptic language in the Book of Revelation aim to provide?

Encouragement for Christians facing persecution. Signup and view all the answers

According to C.S. Lewis, what is the implication of Jesus' claims about forgiving sins?

To view Jesus as a moral teacher is seen as foolish. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary audience of Paul's letters?

Various communities Paul founded during his missionary journeys. Signup and view all the answers

What advice does 'The Letter of Jude' offer to Christians?

Remain firm in their faith against false teachers. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of Jesus' life does 'Christ With a Farm Family' highlight?

His humility and relatability to common people. Signup and view all the answers

What defines Paul's method of outreach in his missionary journeys?

Starting in synagogues and moving to public areas. Signup and view all the answers

What significant event occurred during the papacy of Innocent III?

The initiation of important church councils Signup and view all the answers

Which pope called for the Second Vatican Council?

Pope John XXIII Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of Leo XIII's encyclical Rerum Novarum?

To defend the pope's role and emphasize social justice Signup and view all the answers

What was one outcome of the papacy's conflict with the French king in the 14th century?

The establishment of a dual papacy in Avignon and Rome Signup and view all the answers

In which part of Italy did the papal states occupy?

Central Italy Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'aggiornamento' refer to in the context of the Second Vatican Council?

The church's response to modern societal issues Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the relationship between the holy spirit and prophecy is true?

The Jewish people believed that God expressed through prophets via the holy spirit. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the themes emphasized in the document titled 'Mater et Magistra'?

The state should intervene in health care and education Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary focus of the Holy Council during the Second Vatican Council?

Emphasizing the liturgy as the church's pinnacle activity Signup and view all the answers

What was one characteristic of the Church as described in the document 'Light of the Gentiles'?

The Church as a community reflects a sign of God's essence. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the Nicene Creed?

It is a common statement of faith shared by Christians. Signup and view all the answers

How did relations between the pope and the French government change between 1797 and 1809?

Relations deteriorated and resulted in French occupation of the papal states. Signup and view all the answers

What was a direct result of the schism following Gregory XI's return to Rome?

Creation of rival popes and division of allegiance Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the term 'Ruah' in the context of the Holy Spirit?

It signifies both wind and spirit. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Christology

Fr. Emil Kapaun, a US Army chaplain, was captured by Chinese forces in North Korea.
He cared for wounded comrades, providing food, water, and medical attention during a grueling 87-mile march.
Soldiers in his POW camp had a remarkably high survival rate.
Fr. Kapaun died at age 35, and his body was never recovered.
The Vatican is considering his canonization.

Jesus' Friends

Jesus' friendships modeled relationships regardless of social or economic status.
Jesus befriended people deemed undesirable by society (e.g., tax collectors, lepers).
Examples of his friends include John, Mary Magdalene, and Lazarus.

Jesus' Characteristics

Jesus' strength was about defending the vulnerable, not aggression.
He served others, modeling humility rather than boasting about his power.
Community service reflects Jesus' example.

The Kerygma

The kerygma is the core message about Jesus Christ.
Three key themes in the kerygma:
- Jesus fulfills Old Testament prophecies.
- Jesus died on the cross, rose, and ascended to heaven.
- Jesus is both Lord and Messiah.

Jesus' Crucifixion

Jesus' crucifixion was a supreme act of humility and sacrifice for humanity's sins.
His sacrifice showed profound love and humility.

Jesus' Alignment with the Poor

Jesus associated with the marginalized (the poor, sinners, and ostracized).
He ate and spoke with tax collectors and lepers (outcasts).

Jesus' Incarnation

Jesus, the Son of God, became human, showing humility.

Artistic Depictions of Jesus Christ

Christ the Pantocrator: Depicts Jesus with one side showing perfection, the other imperfections, symbolizing his complete divinity and humanity.
- The light behind his head signifies his divinity.
Christ with a Farm Family: Shows Jesus as a common man, interacting with everyday people, demonstrating his commitment to his followers and humanity regardless of their socioeconomic or social status.

Paul's Background, Conversion, and Missionary Work

Paul was Hellenistic (Greek-speaking) from Tarsus, a Roman citizen and a former persecutor of Christians.
His background in Greek and Roman cultures helped him in his missionary journeys.
Paul was initially blinded by a light and heard a voice say, "Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me?" (Jesus)
Paul’s conversion led him to be baptized, change his name to Paul, and join the disciples for three days
Paul embarked on three missionary journeys (50-61 AD) throughout the Eastern Mediterranean.
His method involved engaging with Jews and Gentiles in synagogues and public areas, using scriptures to convince people about Jesus.
He had success with Gentiles and Jews.

Pauline Epistles

Paul wrote letters to Christian communities.
Thirteen Pauline epistles are in the Bible.

Catholic Epistles

Letters for all Christians, offering general guidance.

The First Letter of John (and 2 & 3)

Reflects the views of the Ephesus Christian community in the late 1st century.
Emphasizes a loving God, similar to John’s Gospel.

The Letter of James

Focuses on how Christians should live daily, emphasizing justice, care for the poor, and controlled speech.
Closely resembles the sermon on the mount.

First Letter of Peter

Encourages Christians facing suffering to imitate Jesus by not retaliating with evil.

Second Letter of Peter and Jude's Letter

Second of Peter uses much of Jude’s material.
Jude’s Letter warns Christians against false teachers and firmly establishes the importance of faith.

Revelation

Highly symbolic visions of God, Jesus, and the future, encouraging persecuted Christians.

Liar, Lunatic or Lord (C.S. Lewis)

C.S. Lewis argues that Jesus cannot be understood simply as a great teacher.
He concluded that Jesus was either the Son of God, a madman or the Devil.

Unit 2A: Church History

Studying Church history helps us understand ourselves better, our community, and the world's history.
History influences language, government, laws, and architecture, and allows us to learn from the past.
Studying church history enables a better understanding of religious backgrounds.

Themes of Church History

Church and State: The relationship between the church and political power.
Constantine: His conversion, the Edict of Milan, and the rise of Caesaropapism.
Monasticism: Communities who live under rules and regulations, often in seclusion.
St. Benedict and His Rule: The Benedictine Rule emphasized obedience to the abbot.

The Papacy

The bishop of Rome was influential, especially as the empire declined.
St. Peter is considered the first pope.
The papal states provided significant income for the papacy.
Popes like Leo IX and Gregory VII emphasized church independence from secular power.

The Papacy (later Middle Ages, Renaissance)

A contentious period involving schisms (split in leadership) and popes staying in Avignon.
Popes were closely associated with the renaissance and funded and or decorated new St Peter's Basilica.

The Papacy (Modern Era)

Tensions between the pope and Napoleon.
The Papal states' annexation by the Italian kingdom in 1861 and loss of Rome in 1870.

Leo XIII

Leo XIII's Rerum Novarum, regarding labor rights, influenced modern Catholic social teaching.

Church Councils

The Second Vatican Council (John XXIII) was a period of spiritual renewal and modernization for the church.
The Council emphasized liturgy, the Church as the people of God, and the importance of Scripture.

Unit 2B: Profession of Faith

Faith, Truth and Love are all deeply connected.
Trusting God's love leads to faith.

Apostle and Nicene Creeds

The Nicene Creed, articulated in 325, is a shared Christian statement of faith.
The Apostles' Creed likely developed in the first or second century.

The Holy Spirit

The Holy Spirit is referenced in the Old Testament as "wind."
In the Old Testament, the spirit of God was closely related to prophecy.
In the New Testament, the Holy Spirit signifies divine power and is portrayed as an advocate.
In Acts of the Apostles, the Holy Spirit descends on the apostles at Pentecost, enabling them to speak in other tongues.

Holy Spirit: Symbols, Gifts and Fruits

The Holy Spirit can be symbolized by a cloud, light, dove, anointing, laying on hands, water and fire.
Seven gifts of the Holy Spirit: Wisdom, Understanding, Right judgment, Courage, Knowledge, Reverence and Wonder and awe.
Nine fruits of the Holy Spirit: Love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, generosity, faithfulness, gentleness and self-control.

Blessed Mother Mary

Perpetual Virginity: Mary remained a virgin throughout her life.
Immaculate Conception: Mary was conceived without original sin.
Assumption: Mary was taken body and soul into heaven.
Theotokos: Greek for "Mother of God."
Mother of the Church: Jesus appointed Mary as the mother of all Christians.

Extra Topics

Parousia: Jesus' return to judge humanity.
Heaven, Hell and Purgatory: Concepts of heavenly reward, spiritual separation, and purification of the soul.
Communion of Saints: The spiritual unity of Jesus' followers, living and deceased.

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Description

Explore the fundamental aspects of Christology, highlighting the life and sacrifice of Fr. Emil Kapaun, along with the significance of Jesus' friendships and characteristics. Delve into the central message of the kerygma and its implications for understanding Jesus Christ's teachings and relationships.