Christology and Heresies Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of Christology?

  • The rituals and practices of the church
  • The history of early Christian texts
  • The community of believers in Christianity
  • The nature and work of Jesus Christ (correct)

Which heresy denied the true and complete humanity of Jesus by claiming he did not have a human mind?

  • Gnosticism
  • Arianism
  • Apollinarianism (correct)
  • Docetism

Who was the leader of the Apollinarianism heresy?

  • Appollinaris the Younger (correct)
  • Arius of Alexandria
  • Theodotus of Byzantium
  • Pope Victor

Which council corrected Apollinarianism?

<p>Council of Constantinople (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Arianism, who is the only true God?

<p>God the Father (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'un-begotten' refer to in Arianism?

<p>The Father, who has no origin or beginning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What essential knowledge is necessary for someone to believe in Jesus and have eternal life?

<p>Recognition of who Jesus is, what he did, and why (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main theological conflict addressed by Christology?

<p>How Jesus can be both God and man simultaneously (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What heresy denies the pre-existence of Christ and claims He was simply adopted as the Son of God after baptism?

<p>Adoptionism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which heresy taught that Mary gave birth only to the human nature of Jesus?

<p>Nestorianism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which council corrected the heresy of Nestorianism?

<p>Council of Ephesus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary teaching of Eutychianism regarding the nature of Jesus?

<p>Jesus' humanity is absorbed by His divinity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the leader of the heresy of Adoptionism?

<p>Arius of Alexandria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of the Church to the heresy of Nestorianism?

<p>Affirming the dual nature of Christ as both God and man. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which heresy originated the idea that Jesus was rewarded with resurrection due to His perfect character?

<p>Adoptionism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following did the Council of Nicaea address?

<p>Adoptionism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Christology

Study of the nature and works of Jesus Christ.

Theodotus of Byzantium

Leader of the heresy denying Christ's full humanity.

Pope Victor

Corrector of Theodotus' heresy, recognized in 190-198 AD.

Apollinarianism

Heresy claiming Jesus lacked a human mind, having only a divine mind.

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Council of Constantinople

Corrected Apollinarianism in 381 AD, affirming Jesus' full humanity.

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Arianism

Heresy that viewed Jesus as a created being, not equal to God the Father.

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Messiah

Title for Jesus indicating he is the anointed one and Savior.

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Incarnation

The doctrine that God became flesh in the person of Jesus Christ.

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Adoptionism

Heresy denying Christ's pre-existence and Deity, claiming He was a man adopted by God after His baptism.

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Arius of Alexandria

Key figure who led the Adoptionism heresy, active from 250-336 AD.

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Council of Nicaea

Council called in 325 AD that corrected the Adoptionism heresy, producing the Nicene Creed.

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Nestorianism

Heresy claiming Mary only birthed Jesus' human nature, not recognizing His divine nature.

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Nestorius

Bishop of Constantinople and key figure behind Nestorianism in the 5th Century.

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Council of Ephesus

Council of 431 AD that corrected Nestorianism, affirming Mary as 'Mother of God.'

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Eutychianism

Heresy teaching that Jesus' humanity was absorbed into His divinity, leading to one nature (Monophysitism).

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True God and True Man

Church doctrine stating Jesus is fully God and fully human, without mixing the natures.

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Study Notes

Christology

  • Christology is the theological study of Jesus Christ.
  • It encompasses doctrines about Jesus' person and works.
  • It examines Jesus' nature (human and divine), Incarnation, Resurrection, and relationship.
  • Christology's primary focus is identifying Jesus' identity.
  • It explores how humanity and divinity can coexist in one person.
  • Understanding Jesus' identity is essential to Christian faith and life.

Heresies

  • Adoptionism: Jesus was a human adopted by God.

  • Apollinarianism: Jesus lacked a full human mind.

  • Arianism: Jesus was created, not co-eternal with God.

  • Nestorianism: Jesus was two separate persons.

  • Eutychianism: Jesus' humanity was absorbed by divinity.

  • Monothelitism: Jesus had only one will.

  • Corrections/Council Actions: Various church councils (e.g., Nicaea, Constantinople, Ephesus) addressed these heresies.

  • These councils defined orthodox Christian beliefs about Jesus.

Church Response

  • The Church maintained a consistent view of the divinity and humanity in Jesus.
  • Jesus was fully God and fully human.
  • The Incarnation is the unique event of God becoming human in Jesus.
  • The Catholic Church (CCC) affirms Jesus' true humanity and divinity.

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