THY 1 PRELIMS

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Questions and Answers

What does Eudaimonia primarily refer to in the context of Leo's beliefs?

A philosophical concept of happiness (correct)

Fleeting emotions and feelings

Physical pleasure from experiences

Material wealth and possessions

According to the content, what does hedonism prioritize in human behavior?

The pursuit of knowledge and wisdom

Experiencing physical pleasure (correct)

Enduring relationships and emotional fulfillment

Cultivating virtues and moral character

What ultimate source of happiness does St. Thomas Aquinas suggest?

Chasing physical pleasures

Strong social connections

Achieving material success

Finding happiness in God (correct)

What is implied about the feeling of emptiness associated with hedonism?

It results in a cycle of unfulfilled desires Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about Leo's view towards acquiring the new iPhone?

He prioritizes its purchase over settling his debts Signup and view all the answers

Which virtue is mainly discussed as being both inherent and learned?

Love Signup and view all the answers

What role do God's commandments play in achieving eternal life according to the content?

They provide criteria for attaining a higher purpose Signup and view all the answers

What is noted about the relationship between pleasure and authentic happiness in the content?

Authentic happiness is often mistaken for temporary pleasure Signup and view all the answers

What concept did Immanuel Kant emphasize in his deontological ethics?

Categorical imperatives Signup and view all the answers

According to Kant, moral obligations are derived from which source?

Pure reason Signup and view all the answers

What does Aristotle suggest is the method through which character is formed?

Habitual repetition Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of achieving virtue according to Aristotle?

Human flourishing Signup and view all the answers

Which principle is associated with Kant's formulation of the categorical imperative?

Universalizability Principle Signup and view all the answers

What does the Formula of Humanity emphasize in deontological ethics?

Treating humanity as an end Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects a common misconception about morality according to Kant?

Moral obligations are binding regardless of personal will. Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is essential in deontological ethics?

Rational thought Signup and view all the answers

What principle does utilitarianism emphasize when evaluating actions?

The greatest good for the greatest number Signup and view all the answers

How does the view of peace in the content relate to morality and actions?

Peace is something to be aspired to and worked for Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Act Utilitarianism?

It evaluates the morality of an action based on its outcomes in each situation Signup and view all the answers

According to Epicurus, what should the merits of actions be measured by?

The happiness or pleasure they produce Signup and view all the answers

What aspect distinguishes utilitarianism from hedonism?

Utilitarianism is focused on group happiness rather than individual pleasure Signup and view all the answers

What do the Beatitudes aim to correct according to the content?

Attitudes and dispositions to form moral will Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements reflects the concept of peace in the content?

Peace is dynamic and requires active pursuit Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'principle of utility' refer to in the context of utilitarianism?

Making decisions that prioritize group welfare Signup and view all the answers

What is required for a person to overcome the 'No' of sin?

A radical change of heart Signup and view all the answers

What does John Paul II suggest people need to do to find answers about good and evil?

Turn to Christ Signup and view all the answers

According to Jesus, what is the foundation for morally good action?

Religious commandments Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'first tablet' of the Law emphasize?

The centrality of God in life Signup and view all the answers

What is man’s first and ultimate vocation according to the content?

To have communion with God Signup and view all the answers

In the interaction with the rich young man, how does Jesus guide him?

Step by step to the full truth Signup and view all the answers

What does Jesus confirm as a condition for salvation?

Adherence to the Decalogue Signup and view all the answers

What role does love play in the commandments according to Deuteronomy?

It is the essence of the Law Signup and view all the answers

What does Levinas suggest is necessary for a meaningful existence?

Liberation from egotism through ethical response Signup and view all the answers

What is the ethical obligation highlighted by the Other according to Levinas?

To respond to the needs of others before oneself Signup and view all the answers

What moral rule does the example of 'apres vous' exemplify?

Placing the needs of others above oneself Signup and view all the answers

How does Levinas view the relationship between self and the Other?

The self is often irrelevant in the presence of the Other Signup and view all the answers

What does the journey of discipleship entail, according to the teachings referenced?

Serving others following the example of Jesus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the principle of 'me voici' as emphasized by Levinas?

An expression of readiness to serve others Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 1st Tree in the context provided?

It became a manger for the baby Jesus Signup and view all the answers

How does one's ethical response relate to liberation from egotism?

It presents an opportunity for genuine connection with others Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Turning to Christ for Moral Guidance

John Paul II encourages people to turn to Christ for answers about good and evil.
Jesus emphasizes the Decalogue (Ten Commandments) as the foundation of morally good actions.
The Decalogue teaches us that God is the beginning and end of our life.
Jesus uses the example of the rich young man to illustrate the importance of following God's commands for salvation.

Ethics and the Other

The concept of "the Other" challenges our self-centeredness and emphasizes our obligation to serve others before ourselves.
Levinas's philosophy highlights the radical interpretation of "apres vous" (after you, please!), putting the needs of others first.
Following Christ is the foundation of Christian morality, emphasizing His words and deeds as guides for ethical behavior.

The Pursuit of Happiness

Hedonism views pleasure as the primary motivator for human behavior, equating happiness with physical and material satisfactions.
Utilitarianism seeks to maximize happiness for the greatest number of people, considering the principle of utility.
Aristotle emphasizes the development of virtue through repeated actions, leading to eudaimonia (a life well-lived).
Eudaimonia involves achieving human flourishing by living a virtuous life.

The Role of God in Morality

St. Thomas Aquinas argues that true happiness lies in God, emphasizing the quote "My heart is restless until it rests in you."
God's commandments are the criteria for attaining eternal life.
Beatitudes represent a call to perfection, suggesting virtuous dispositions and attitudes leading to integral human fulfillment.
Deontological ethics, as defined by Kant, asserts that moral obligations are derived from pure reason.
Categorical imperatives, universalizable principles and the Formula of Humanity, are key components of deontological ethics.
The existence of God is crucial for understanding the moral law; without God, everything becomes permissible (Dostoyevsky).

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