Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
Which of the following drugs is considered a pseudo irreversible non-competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase?
Pyridostigmine is more effective than neostigmine in terms of duration of action.
False
Which of the following best describes cholinergic agents?
What is the role of acetylcholine esterase inhibitors?
Signup and view all the answers
Cholinomimetics are agents that stimulate cholinergic receptors directly.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the half-life (T1/2) of Rivastigmine?
Signup and view all the answers
________ is an irreversible choline esterase inhibitor that forms a covalent bond with serine amino acid of acetylcholine.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary use of Distigmine?
Signup and view all the answers
Cholinergic agents can be classified into two types: cholinomimetics and _____ inhibitors.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following medications to their type of action:
Signup and view all the answers
Match the agents to their respective effects:
Signup and view all the answers
What is the mechanism of action for irreversible choline esterase inhibitors?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of effect does nicotine primarily produce?
Signup and view all the answers
Name two types of cholinergic receptors.
Signup and view all the answers
Acetylcholine and __________ are involved in the inhibitory interaction with Rivastigmine.
Signup and view all the answers
The muscarinic effect occurs at neuromuscular junctions.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is an example of an organophosphorus compound used as a chemical weapon?
Signup and view all the answers
Malathion is primarily used as a chemical weapon.
Signup and view all the answers
Atropine is the first anticholinergic agent to be identified.
Signup and view all the answers
The antidote for organophosphate toxicity is _____ such as Pralidoxime.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following organophosphorus compounds with their uses:
Signup and view all the answers
What mechanism do organophosphorus compounds use to affect the nervous system?
Signup and view all the answers
The antidote for organophosphate toxicity must be used after a significant delay to be effective.
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to acetylcholine esterase when it binds with organophosphate compounds?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary role of anticholinergic agents?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main target of organophosphorus compounds in the body?
Signup and view all the answers
Name one of the earliest known sources of anticholinergic agents.
Signup and view all the answers
The structural requirement for antimuscarinic drugs includes a quaternary or at least ______ nitrogen.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT an anticholinergic agent?
Signup and view all the answers
For maximal antagonist activity, R1 and R2 in antimuscarinic drugs should be two ring systems.
Signup and view all the answers
For optimal function, R3 in antimuscarinic drugs should be ______ or CH2OH.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary use of Tolterodine?
Signup and view all the answers
Tolterodine is a muscarinic agonist that causes contraction of bladder muscles.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the maximum effect time for Tropicamide when used as eye drops?
Signup and view all the answers
Ganglionic blockers are agents that block the action of __________ at autonomic ganglia.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following drugs with their primary usage:
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of ganglionic blockers induce initial stimulation followed by blocking action?
Signup and view all the answers
Non-depolarizing ganglionic blockers are selective and differentiate between sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia.
Signup and view all the answers
Tropicamide is an aromatic tertiary amine, partially ionized at __________ pH.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Cholinergic Agents and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
- Pyridostigmine has a longer duration of action compared to neostigmine.
- Cholinergic agents are drugs that mimic or enhance the effects of acetylcholine.
- Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors block the breakdown of acetylcholine, increasing its concentration at the synapse.
- Cholinomimetics are agents that directly stimulate cholinergic receptors.
- The half-life (T1/2) of Rivastigmine is 1.5 hours.
- Distigmine is primarily used to treat myasthenia gravis.
- Cholinergic agents can be classified into two types: cholinomimetics and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
- Irreversible choline esterase inhibitors form a covalent bond with the serine amino acid of acetylcholine esterase, permanently inhibiting its activity.
- Nicotine primarily produces a stimulatory effect.
- There are two types of cholinergic receptors: muscarinic and nicotinic.
- Acetylcholine and Rivastigmine are involved in the inhibitory interaction with acetylcholine esterase.
- The muscarinic effect occurs at the autonomic nervous system, not neuromuscular junctions.
- Sarin is an example of an organophosphorus compound used as a chemical weapon.
- Malathion is primarily used as an insecticide, not a chemical weapon.
- Atropine is the first identified anticholinergic agent.
- The antidote for organophosphate toxicity is cholinesterase reactivators such as Pralidoxime.
- Organophosphorus compounds affect the nervous system by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.
- Acetylcholinesterase is irreversibly inhibited when it binds with organophosphorus compounds.
- Anticholinergic agents block the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors.
- Acetylcholinesterase is the primary target of organophosphorus compounds in the body.
- Deadly Nightshade (Atropa belladonna) is one of the earliest known sources of anticholinergic agents.
- The structural requirement for antimuscarinic drugs includes a quaternary or at least tertiary nitrogen.
- Propanolol is not an anticholinergic agent.
- For maximal antagonist activity, R1 and R2 in antimuscarinic drugs should be two ring systems.
- For optimal function, R3 in antimuscarinic drugs should be H or CH2OH.
- Tolterodine is primarily used to treat overactive bladder.
- Tolterodine is a muscarinic antagonist, not an agonist.
- The maximum effect time for Tropicamide when used as eye drops is 6-8 hours.
- Ganglionic blockers are agents that block the action of acetylcholine at autonomic ganglia.
- Nicotine, hexamethonium, mecamylamine are ganglionic blockers.
- Nicotine induces initial stimulation followed by blocking action.
- Non-depolarizing ganglionic blockers are not selective and affect both sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia.
- Tropicamide is an aromatic tertiary amine, partially ionized at alkaline pH.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz explores the pharmacology of cholinergic agents, focusing on their mechanisms of action such as stimulating cholinergic receptors and inhibiting acetylcholine esterase. Key drugs are also covered, including pyridostigmine and organophosphates. Test your knowledge on the effects and applications of these important agents!
