CHM 232 Sapling HW 5 Flashcards

Monosaccharides Classification

• Ketotriose: A monosaccharide with three carbon atoms and a ketone group.
• Aldotetrose: A four-carbon monosaccharide featuring an aldehyde group.
• Aldopentose: Contains five carbon atoms and an aldehyde group; examples include ribose.
• Ketopentose: A five-carbon monosaccharide with a ketone group.
• Ketotetrose: A four-carbon monosaccharide that has a ketone group.
• Aldotriose: Comprises three carbon atoms along with an aldehyde group.

Relationship Between Compounds

• Diastereomers: Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other.
• Anomers: A subtype of epimers that differ at the anomeric carbon (the carbon atom that was the carbonyl carbon in the open-chain form).
• Epimers: Stereoisomers that differ in configuration at only one specific carbon atom.

Examples of Monosaccharides

• Ribose: A common aldopentose found in nucleic acids, having five carbons and participating in energy metabolism.
• Ketohexose and Aldohexose: Contain six carbon atoms, respectively having a ketone and aldehyde group.

Summary of Stereoisomer Terms

• Enantiomers: Mirror-image isomers that differ at all chiral centers.
• Terms such as diastereomers and epimers provide insight into the stereochemistry of carbohydrates, which is crucial for understanding their structure and function in biological systems.

This quiz features flashcards for CHM 232 that focus on the classification of monosaccharides based on the position of the carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms. Key terms include ketotriose, aldotetrose, and various other sugar classifications. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of carbohydrate structures.