Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes monosaccharides?
Which of the following best describes monosaccharides?
How are monosaccharides classified based on their functional groups?
How are monosaccharides classified based on their functional groups?
What characterizes disaccharides?
What characterizes disaccharides?
Oligosaccharides consist of how many monosaccharide units?
Oligosaccharides consist of how many monosaccharide units?
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Which statement about the general molecular formula for carbohydrates is correct?
Which statement about the general molecular formula for carbohydrates is correct?
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Study Notes
Carbohydrate Definition
- Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones, or substances that produce these upon hydrolysis.
- The general molecular formula for carbohydrates is $C_n(H_2O)_n$.
- Glucose, for example, has the molecular formula $C_6H_{12}O_6$.
Carbohydrate Classification
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Monosaccharides
- Contain a single sugar unit and cannot be further broken down by hydrolysis.
- Classified based on functional group and number of carbon atoms.
- Aldehyde group: Sugars with an aldehyde functional group are known as aldoses.
- Keto group: Sugars with a keto functional group are known as ketoses, and are sometimes identified by the suffix "-ulose".
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Number of carbon atoms:
- Trioses: 3 carbons
- Tetroses: 4 carbons
- Pentoses: 5 carbons
- Hexoses: 6 carbons
- Heptoses: 7 carbons
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Disaccharides
- Formed by combining two monosaccharides with the removal of a water molecule.
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Oligosaccharides
- Contain 3 to 10 monosaccharide units.
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Polysaccharides
- Contain more than 10 monosaccharide units.
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Description
This quiz explores the definition and classification of carbohydrates, including monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides. Learn about their molecular structure and classification based on functional groups and carbon atom counts. Test your knowledge on the different types and formulas related to carbohydrates.
