Chloroplast Structure Flashcards

What is the outer membrane of a chloroplast?

What is the inner membrane of a chloroplast?

What are thylakoids?

Where is chlorophyll found in the chloroplast?

What occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast?

Where do light-dependent reactions take place in the chloroplast?

What color light does chlorophyll reflect?

What parts of the visible light spectrum does chlorophyll absorb?

Why are the leaves of most plants green?

Where does the energy that plants use for photosynthesis come from?

What are organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis called?

What are organisms that must find food in their environment called?

What are the reactants of the summary equation for photosynthesis?

What are the products of the summary equation for photosynthesis?

What does photosynthesis convert the radiant energy of sunlight into?

Chloroplast Structure and Function

Outer membrane: The protective outer layer of the chloroplast, separating it from the cytoplasm.
Inner membrane: This membrane surrounds the stroma and regulates the passage of materials into and out of the chloroplast.
Thylakoids: Membrane-bound structures within the chloroplast that house chlorophyll and are critical for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
Granum: A stack of thylakoids, resembling coins, that increases surface area for efficient light absorption and energy conversion.
Stroma: The fluid-filled space surrounding the thylakoids where the Calvin cycle (dark reactions) occurs, facilitating the conversion of carbon dioxide to glucose.

Photosynthetic Processes

Chlorophyll is located in the thylakoid membrane, where it captures light energy for photosynthesis.
The light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes, converting light energy into chemical energy.
The Calvin cycle happens in the stroma, utilizing ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions to synthesize glucose.

Light Absorption and Reflection

Chlorophyll reflects green light, which is why most plants appear green.
Chlorophyll absorbs blue and red light best, which are essential for driving photosynthesis.

Energy Sources and Organism Classification

The sun provides the energy needed for plants to synthesize glucose through photosynthesis.
Autotrophs: Organisms that produce their own food using sunlight or chemical energy.
Heterotrophs: Organisms that consume organic matter for energy and nutrients.

Photosynthesis Summary Reaction

Reactants required for photosynthesis are carbon dioxide and water.
Products of photosynthesis are glucose (sugar) and oxygen.
Photosynthesis converts radiant energy from sunlight into chemical bond energy stored in glucose.

This quiz features flashcards focused on the structure and components of chloroplasts. Explore essential terms such as the outer and inner membranes, thylakoids, granum, and stroma, which are crucial for understanding photosynthesis in plants. Perfect for students studying plant biology or related subjects.