Questions and Answers
What is the trade name for Chlordiazepoxide?
Which of the following are classes of Chlordiazepoxide? (Select all that apply)
What are some indications for the use of Chlordiazepoxide?
What is one action of Chlordiazepoxide?
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Which of the following are contraindications for Chlordiazepoxide? (Select all that apply)
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Chlordiazepoxide is safe for use in pregnant and lactating women.
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Which of the following should be cautiously used with Chlordiazepoxide? (Select all that apply)
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Which of the following are common adverse effects of Chlordiazepoxide? (Select all that apply)
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What should be assessed periodically during Chlordiazepoxide therapy?
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What lab considerations are necessary for patients on prolonged therapy with Chlordiazepoxide?
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Flumazenil can reverse sedation caused by Chlordiazepoxide toxicity.
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What is an important teaching point when discontinuing Chlordiazepoxide?
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Study Notes
Chlordiazepoxide Overview
- Trade name: Librium, an anti-anxiety medication within the benzodiazepine class.
- Used for managing anxiety, treating alcohol withdrawal, and alleviating anxiety linked to acute myocardial infarction.
Classification and Action
- Falls under anti-anxiety agents, sedative/hypnotics, and benzodiazepines.
- Provides sedation and relief of anxiety.
Contraindications
- Not suitable for individuals with hypersensitivity to the drug.
- Contains tartrazine; should be avoided in those with known intolerance.
- Not recommended for comatose patients or those with severe CNS depression, pulmonary disease, angle-closure glaucoma, or porphyria.
- Caution advised during pregnancy and lactation due to risks of CNS depression in infants.
- Avoid in children aged 6 years or younger.
Cautions and Precautions
- Use cautiously in patients with hepatic dysfunction, severe renal impairment, or a history of suicide attempts or substance abuse.
- Long-acting benzodiazepines can cause increased sedation; particularly dangerous for the elderly.
- Consideration needed for debilitated patients due to increased sensitivity.
Adverse Effects
- Common side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, headache, mental depression, and blurred vision.
- May cause paradoxical excitation, weight gain, rashes, and dependence leading to tolerance.
Drug Interactions
- Concurrent use with alcohol, antidepressants, antihistamines, and opioids can increase CNS depression.
- Certain medications (cimetidine, oral contraceptives, etc.) may enhance the drug's effects; rifampin/barbiturates may reduce effectiveness.
- Herbal products like kava-kava and valerian can similarly amplify CNS depression.
Assessment and Monitoring
- Regular assessment for anxiety levels and sedation during therapy is crucial.
- Monitor for signs of withdrawal if therapy is prolonged; restrict drug supply for at-risk patients.
- In alcohol withdrawal cases, observe signs like tremors or agitation, with appropriate injury precautions.
Laboratory Considerations
- CBC and liver function tests should be periodically evaluated for patients on long-term therapy.
- Chlordiazepoxide may elevate serum bilirubin and liver enzymes (AST, ALT).
Toxicity and Overdose
- Flumazenil can reverse sedation caused by chlordiazepoxide overdose.
Patient Education
- Gradual tapering required after long-term use to prevent withdrawal symptoms.
- Advise against sharing medication due to potential dangers.
- Warn about risks of drowsiness/dizziness; avoid driving until effects are known.
- Caution to avoid alcohol and CNS depressants concurrently.
- Instruct on disclosing all medications (Rx and OTC), vitamins, or herbal products to healthcare professionals.
- Notify healthcare providers about pregnancy plans or if breastfeeding.
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Description
This quiz consists of flashcards focusing on Chlordiazepoxide, a benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent. The flashcards cover its trade name, classifications, indications, actions, and contraindications. Ideal for students learning about pharmacology and medication classifications.
