Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Quiz (Lec 23)

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Questions and Answers

Which bacterium attaches to epithelial cells by means of its fimbriae?

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (correct)

Streptococcus pyogenes

Treponema pallidum

Chlamydia trachomatis

What is the causative agent of syphilis?

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Staphylococcus aureus

Haemophilus influenzae

Treponema pallidum (correct)

Which organism is the only natural host for T. pallidum?

Rats

Humans (correct)

Cats

Dogs

Which bacterium is known for its penicillin resistance?

Neisseria gonorrhoeae Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is involved in the construction of a microcolony and the colonization stage?

Neisseria gonorrhoeae Signup and view all the answers

What symptoms may appear during the second stage of syphilis?

Flu-like symptoms and possible hair loss Signup and view all the answers

How do organisms penetrate to cause syphilis infection?

Mucous membranes or minuscule breaks in the skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective method for diagnosing syphilis in its early stages?

Clinical history, microscopic examination, and serology Signup and view all the answers

What is the first stage of syphilis characterized by?

A painless sore at the spot of entry Signup and view all the answers

What is needed for tight binding and invasion of epithelial cells by N. gonorrhoeae?

Outer membrane protein P.II (also known as Opa) Signup and view all the answers

What is the bacterium that causes Chlamydia?

Chlamydia trachomatis Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the word 'chlamys' in the context of Chlamydia?

Greek for 'cloak draped around the shoulder' Signup and view all the answers

How is Chlamydia primarily spread?

Unprotected vaginal, anal or oral sex Signup and view all the answers

What age group is most frequently affected by Chlamydia?

15–30-year age group Signup and view all the answers

What are the two forms of the bacterium involved in the pathogenesis of Chlamydia?

Elementary body and reticulate body Signup and view all the answers

What is the historical significance of Neisseria gonorrhea?

It has been a major cause of blindness Signup and view all the answers

What is the common route of transmission for gonorrhea and syphilis?

Sexual contact Signup and view all the answers

What is the bacterium responsible for causing syphilis?

Treponema pallidum Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the active disease-causing form of Chlamydia?

Elementary body Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Chlamydia as an STI?

It often presents without obvious symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What is the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in the United States?

Chlamydia Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation period of Chlamydia in the host?

7-14 days Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is NOT used in the treatment of chlamydia?

Penicillin Signup and view all the answers

What can chlamydia trachomatis elementary bodies cause in women?

Pelvic inflammatory disease Signup and view all the answers

What are common symptoms of chlamydia in men?

Discharge from the penis Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of using azithromycin for chlamydia treatment?

Reemergence of symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What is the significant cause of acute bacterial meningitis by Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

Oropharyngeal infection Signup and view all the answers

Where does gonorrhea practically always involve mucous membranes?

Urethra Signup and view all the answers

When was Neisseria gonorrhoeae first described?

1879 Signup and view all the answers

What is the direct and indirect costs of chlamydia annually?

$24 billion Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: Key Facts and Context

Chlamydia was not recognized as a sexually transmitted disease until recently due to symptoms resembling other pathologies.
Chlamydia is the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in the United States, with approximately four million cases annually, mostly in individuals under 25 years old.
Direct and indirect costs of chlamydia total $24 billion a year, mainly due to complications.
The life cycle of C. trachomatis consists of two stages: elementary body (EB) and reticulate body (RB), with an incubation period of 7-21 days in the host.
Chlamydia trachomatis elementary bodies infect the cervix, leading to few or no clinical symptoms, and can cause pelvic inflammatory disease, tubal inflammation, scarring, and infertility in women.
Symptoms of chlamydia in men may include discharge from the penis, burning when urinating, and mild or unnoticed symptoms in many cases.
In women, symptoms may include vaginal discharge, chronic abdominal pain, bleeding between menstrual periods, and low-grade fever, with 80% of women having no noticeable symptoms until complications set in.
Treatment for chlamydia includes tetracyclines, doxycycline, azithromycin, erythromycin, sulfisoxazole, and amoxicillin.
Azithromycin eradicates genital but not gastrointestinal infection, leading to reemergence of symptoms in some cases.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes gonorrhea and is a significant cause of acute bacterial meningitis, with high prevalence and low mortality.
Gonorrhea practically always involves mucous membranes of the urethra, resulting in a copious discharge of pus, more obvious in males than females.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae was first described in 1879 and its etiological relationship to human disease was later established using human volunteers to fulfill Koch's postulates.

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Test your knowledge on Chlamydia and Gonorrhea with this informative quiz covering key facts and context about these common sexually transmitted diseases. Learn about symptoms, prevalence, treatment, and the causative agents of these infections.