16 Questions
What does 'sambhavāmi' mean?
I incarnate, I appear
What is the meaning of 'vimatsaraḥ'?
The one who is free from envy, or jealousy
What is the meaning of 'uttamam'?
The best, supreme
What does 'yuge' mean?
In every age, era, or time-period
What is 'rajarṣayaḥ'?
The saintly kings
What is 'yogaḥ'?
The practice by which the human spirit attains complete union with the Supreme Spirit
What is the meaning of the word 'avyayam' in Chapter 4?
Eternal, imperishable
In what context is the word 'boddhavyam' used in Chapter 4?
By the man who is completely absorbed in the state of seeing Brahman in all actions
What is the meaning of the word 'īśvaraḥ' in Chapter 4?
The Lord
What is the meaning of the word 'divyam' in Chapter 4?
Divine, transcendental
What is the meaning of the word 'jñānam' in Chapter 4?
Knowledge
In what context is the word 'dharma-saṁsthāpanārthāya' used in Chapter 4?
For the firm establishment of righteousness
What is the meaning of the word 'brahmakarmasamādhinā' in Chapter 4?
One who is completely absorbed in the state of seeing Brahman in all actions
What is the meaning of the word 'bhaktaḥ' in Chapter 4?
The devotee
In what context is the word 'jñāna-agniḥ' used in Chapter 4?
Fire of knowledge
What is the meaning of the word ' arpamāṇam' in Chapter 4?
Offering, instrument of offering
Study Notes
Guru-Śiṣya-Paramparā
- The tradition of spiritual lineage and discipleship
- Importance of approaching a spiritual master for protection and guidance
Key Concepts and Terms
- Prāṇān - the vital airs: prāṇa, apāna, samāna, udāna, vyāna (4.30)
- Praṇipātena - by prostration, by approaching a spiritual master (4.34)
- Purātanaḥ - ancient (4.3)
- Pūtāḥ - those who are purified (4.10)
- Rahasyam - secret, mystery (4.3)
Characteristics of a Wise Person
- Santuṣṭaḥ - one who is content, satisfied (4.22)
- Vimatsaraḥ - the one who is free from envy, or jealousy (4.22)
- Dvandvātītaḥ - one who is free from the pairs of opposites (4.22)
- Jñānam - knowledge (4.23)
- Jñānāgniḥ - fire of knowledge (4.37)
Importance of Knowledge and Self-Study
- Svādhyāyaḥ - self-study of scriptures/veda-s (4.28)
- Jñāna-asinā - by the sword of knowledge (4.42)
- Jñāna-plavena - by the raft of knowledge, by the boat of knowledge (4.36)
The Path to Liberation
- Muktasya - of the liberated person (4.23)
- Mumukṣubhiḥ - by the seekers of liberation/freedom (4.15)
- Nirāśīḥ - one who is without desire for the result (4.21)
- Nityatṛptaḥ - one who is always content (4.20)
Test your knowledge of Sanskrit words from Chapter 4 of the Bhagavad Gita, presented at the Chinmaya Gita Fest 2024. Identify the English translations and contexts of each word.
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