Chinese Dynastic History Quiz

A philosophy emphasizing moral virtue and social harmony, based on the teachings of Confucius. It promotes a hierarchical society with respect for elders and rulers.

A philosophy that emphasizes strict laws and punishments to maintain order. It views human nature as inherently selfish and believes that laws should be applied equally to all.

Published laws created by the emperor or officials. In Legalism, Fa serves as the primary tool for governing.

A harsh and merciless legal code adopted by the Qin dynasty. It was based on Legalist ideology, with severe punishments and a focus on control.

A mystical philosophy that emphasizes living in harmony with the Dao, also known as the Way. It promotes a natural and effortless approach to life.

Governing by strict laws and punishments.

Governing through moral values and traditional rituals.

A government where everyone fulfills their roles properly.

The ability to feel empathy and compassion for others.

Five harmful elements in society: those who are cruel, dishonest, lazy, cowardly, and reckless.

Someone who relies on outdated methods and expects the same results.

Using compassion and empathy in governing.

The importance of law in maintaining order and justice.

A short-lived dynasty (221-206 BCE) that unified China under a strict Legalist ideology, known for it's harsh Qin Code, which ultimately contributed to its downfall.

A dynasty (202 BCE - 220 CE) that followed the Qin Dynasty, known for its focus on Confucianism, fostering a more stable and prosperous period with the opening of the Silk Road and the establishment of a strong bureaucracy.

The integration of Confucian principles into the ruling system of the Han Dynasty, emphasizing moral leadership, education, and a hierarchically structured society.

The Han Dynasty adopted Confucianism as its official ideology, focusing on a more humane and ethical approach to governance, emphasizing education, and promoting a hierarchical social order. In contrast, the Qin Dynasty adhered to Legalism, employing a strict and harsh legal system with severe punishments.

A prominent Confucian scholar who played a key role in unifying existing ideologies during the Han dynasty. He argued that Confucianism was the only way to achieve unified authority and cosmic harmony.

A system of government officials appointed based on merit through rigorous civil service exams. This system ensured qualified individuals staffed various government positions and helped establish a robust administrative apparatus.

The integration of Confucian principles into Chinese legal systems, blending traditional ethical concepts with practical state-building. This ensured legal frameworks were grounded in moral order and social harmony.

A Chinese political and religious concept that justified the rule of a dynasty. It believed that the Emperor’s right to rule was granted by heaven, based on his ability to maintain order and the welfare of the people.

A recurring pattern in Chinese history where dynasties rise, flourish, and ultimately decline due to various factors such as corruption, natural disasters, or external threats, leading to the emergence of a new dynasty.

Confucianism emphasized moral leadership, education, and social harmony, favoring rule by moral example over strict legal codes. Conversely, Legalism stressed strict laws, punishments, and rewards to maintain order.

The Qin dynasty adopted Legalism due to its emphasis on strong centralized power, order, and control, allowing it to unify China after a period of division. The focus on strict laws and punishments proved effective in establishing a powerful empire.

China's fertile land and wealth made it vulnerable to nomadic tribes from the Eurasian steppes, who raided villages and stole goods and people. The Great Wall of China was built to protect against these invaders.

Within China, regional rulers often established their own power bases, creating instability and challenges for central authority. This contributed to the Warring States period, where various states fought for dominance.

A period of intense conflict and instability in Chinese history marked by the fragmentation of the Zhou Dynasty and the rise of numerous warring states. This period is notable for its advanced military technology and the emergence of philosophical thinkers like Confucius and Laozi.

The Mandate of Heaven, a Chinese concept that justified the rule of a dynasty by claiming divine approval. It stressed harmony in the universe and society through proper rituals and actions.

Rules of proper behavior in Chinese society, emphasizing rituals, respect for hierarchy and social order. It governed everything from ceremonies to daily interactions.

A revered figure in Chinese history. He led and stabilized the Zhou Dynasty after the downfall of the Shang, setting the stage for a new era of peace and prosperity.

Confucius idealized the reign of the Duke of Zhou and early Zhou kings, viewing them as a time of stability and harmony. He sought to emulate their rule.

Even though dynasties like the Yuan (Mongols) and Qing (Manchus) came from outside China, they had to adapt to the Mandate of Heaven and Li to gain legitimacy and maintain power.

In Chinese history, successful revolutions were seen as evidence of a shift in the Mandate of Heaven, justifying the new dynasty's rule.

Confucius created a comprehensive system of ethics and social order, emphasizing respect, virtue, and harmony. His teachings shaped generations of Chinese thought and governance.

The Chinese dynasties frequently had conflict with nomadic peoples. They often paid tributes to protect themselves or were even overthrown by powerful nomadic leaders.