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Children's Theory of Mind Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is Theory of Mind (ToM) primarily concerned with?

Understanding others’ emotions

Understanding that we all have Mental States (MS) (correct)

Understanding desires and intentions

Understanding beliefs about the world

According to Wellman (1990), in what order are Mental States (MS) acquired?

Desires/intentions, emotions, beliefs

Emotions, beliefs, desires/intentions

Emotions, desires/intentions, beliefs (correct)

Beliefs, emotions, desires/intentions

What makes beliefs particularly challenging for children to learn?

They are nonrepresentational mental states

They are acquired before emotions and desires

They are visible and ambiguous

They make a claim about the world and can be wrong (correct)

What does Piaget's sensorimotor learning primarily involve?

Controlling movements by binding sense and actions together Signup and view all the answers

What is the key property of desires and intentions that makes them different from beliefs?

They differ and can conflict Signup and view all the answers

According to Wellman's proposal, which kind of mental state is learnt last?

Beliefs Signup and view all the answers

What does ToM primarily involve in terms of understanding someone else’s Mental States (MS)?

Understanding that someone else’s MS are separate from your own and can be different from them = perspective taking Signup and view all the answers

What did Meltzoff's (1995) study suggest about 18-month-olds' imitation?

18-month-olds imitate intentions, not actions Signup and view all the answers

According to Horner & Whiten (2005), what did children do in their study?

Children over-imitated actions, even when the first action was irrelevant to the experimenter's intention Signup and view all the answers

What did Wimmer and Perner (1983) use to assess the ability to infer a false belief?

The False Belief Task Signup and view all the answers

At what age did Perner et al. (1987) find that most children understand that beliefs can be false?

$4.5$ years Signup and view all the answers

What did Onishi and Baillargeon (2005) use to test infants' understanding of false beliefs?

A looking task Signup and view all the answers

"Precise wrongness" is associated with which aspect of understanding?

"False Belief" understanding Signup and view all the answers

What did Fabricius et al. (2010) find regarding 5-year-olds' understanding of false beliefs?

They were just as likely to pick the "object never here" location as the "object was here" location Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested about Theory of Mind (ToM) skills based on the text?

ToM skills show evidence early in development but are complex and develop slowly over a lifetime. Signup and view all the answers