Children's Health Assessment Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is one criterion used to assess a newborn's health level?

Level of resistance of the organism (correct)

Parental education level

Socioeconomic status

Level of academic achievement

Which health group includes children who have no health deviations?

Group II B

Group IV

Group I (correct)

Group III

What characterizes children in Group II B?

Healthy with minor single deviations

Prone to chronic pathology and increased morbidity (correct)

Experiencing rehabilitation for chronic pathology

No health risks and optimal development

What is a primary goal of therapeutic measures for patients with stage I-II COPD?

To encourage physical training and exercise Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of rehabilitation for sick and disabled individuals?

To ensure early return to productive activities Signup and view all the answers

What describes children in the fourth health group?

Sick children with chronic pathology in a state of subcompensation Signup and view all the answers

Which measure is essential for preventing disease progression in COPD patients?

Smoking cessation Signup and view all the answers

At which stages of COPD is oxygen therapy mandatory?

Stage III-IV Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion does NOT relate to the assessment of a child's health?

Dietary restrictions Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of rehabilitation is highlighted as beneficial according to the American and European Respiratory Societies?

Quality of life improves Signup and view all the answers

Which group includes children who have chronic pathology but are in a rehabilitation state?

Group V Signup and view all the answers

Dispensary observation is aimed at achieving what outcome for children with diseases?

Maximizing compensation of defects or changes Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended as a part of rehabilitation for stage I COPD patients?

Regular sanatorium-and-spa treatment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT included in the non-drug rehabilitation measures for COPD patients?

Medical surgery Signup and view all the answers

What type of exercises are indicated for all stages of COPD?

Breathing exercises Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant result of effective respiratory rehabilitation in COPD patients?

Reduction in the number of hospitalizations Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary requirement that screening research methods must satisfy?

Proven medical and economic efficiency Signup and view all the answers

Who should receive in-depth preventive counseling during the second stage of clinical examination?

Citizens under 72 with atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

At what stage is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease screened for patients?

At the first stage based on a questionnaire Signup and view all the answers

What type of monitoring forms are employed in active health monitoring?

Preliminary, targeted, periodic Signup and view all the answers

Which population is specifically assessed for risks of harmful consumption of substances?

Citizens at risk for substance abuse without prescriptions Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the third stage of clinical examination?

Invitations for patients under dispensary supervision Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'targeted' refer to in medical examinations?

Exams designed for specific health conditions or populations Signup and view all the answers

Which option correctly aligns with the sensitivity and specificity requirement for screening methods?

High sensitivity and high specificity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of electrophoresis of novocaine?

Improving functional state of the liver Signup and view all the answers

What therapeutic effect does SMT therapy primarily aim to achieve?

Blood circulation in the liver Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of mud applications?

Increasing appetite Signup and view all the answers

What is a common contraindication for mud therapy?

Subacute pancreatitis Signup and view all the answers

What therapeutic purpose does laser therapy serve?

Providing reparative and analgesic effects Signup and view all the answers

Which condition should be avoided when opting for shared baths?

Acute inflammatory conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary objective of rehabilitation for urological diseases?

Restoring functional activity of the pelvic organs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a notable aim of mud therapy?

Reducing lithogenic properties of bile Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary therapeutic component of speleotherapy in salt mines?

Fine aerosol of sodium and other salts Signup and view all the answers

How does inhalation of aerosols in speleotherapy benefit patients?

It promotes sputum liquefaction and removal. Signup and view all the answers

What effect do aerosols of salts have on the respiratory tract?

They have a bacteriostatic effect. Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of pulsed electrotherapy for patients with respiratory issues?

It causes relaxation of smooth muscles in the bronchi. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pelotherapy in the treatment of bronchial conditions?

It has anti-inflammatory and dissolving effects. Signup and view all the answers

What are vibro-thermomagnetic therapy devices used for?

To provide combined exposure to magnetic fields, vibration, and heat. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of death and disability associated with cardiovascular pathology?

Cardiovascular diseases Signup and view all the answers

In Russia, how many people die annually from cardiovascular diseases per 100,000 population?

700 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of physical methods of treatment for osteoarthritis?

To relieve pain and restore function Signup and view all the answers

Which method involves the use of low-frequency alternating magnetic fields?

Magnetic bracelets and knee pads Signup and view all the answers

What effect does UV irradiation have in the treatment of osteoarthritis?

Creates photodegradation products that aid in pain relief Signup and view all the answers

Which therapeutic method is NOT classified as analgesic?

Low-intensity UHF therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in osteoarthritis treatment?

It reduces pain by suppressing pain signals Signup and view all the answers

Which biological components are believed to be influenced by UV irradiation during treatment?

Immunoglobulins A, M, and E Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed mechanism behind the pain relief from magnetic therapy for knee osteoarthritis?

It modulates afferent signal flow to the CNS Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment method is specifically designed to address inflammation in osteoarthritis?

Low-intensity UHF therapy Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Family Medicine: General Provisions

Family medicine provides general care for patients, regardless of age or sex.
The main duties of a family doctor include outpatient care, home visits, and organizing day and home hospitals.
The doctor also carries out medical diagnostics and treatment, provides first and perinatal help, and conducts minor surgery.

Principles of Dispensary

Dispensary care is a key part of preventive healthcare, focused on maintaining public health.
Dispensary care aims to identify, prevent and control disease, to prevent morbidity, disability and mortality, and to achieve active longevity.
A dispensary's purpose includes forming, preserving, and strengthening public health.

Peculiarities of Medical Examination of Different Groups of the Population

Medical examinations are tailored to the individual needs and characteristics of different groups.
For example, specific considerations apply to monitoring pregnant women, children, workers in essential industries/agriculture, and chronically ill patients.

Prevention in Medicine

Prevention encompasses various activities aimed at identifying and eliminating/reducing the causes of illnesses and injuries in individuals, groups, and the general population.
Primordial prevention focuses on eliminating risk factors for developing disease.

Main Functions of a Family Physician

Outpatient reception & home visits.
Organization of day/home hospitals.
Medical/diagnostic, rehabilitation, and preventative measures.
Providing emergency and emergency medical care.
Assisting families in resolving medical/social problems.
Establishing trusting relationships with patients and their families.
Collaborating with colleagues & consultative services.
Anti-epidemic measures.
Reporting infectious disease cases to the relevant authorities.

Clinical Examination

Clinical examination involves continuous monitoring of populations' health through preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic measures
Comprehensive medical examination is a crucial component of public health.
The main objective of clinical examination is to combat socially dangerous diseases such as tuberculosis.

Main Tasks of Medical Examination of the Population

Assessment of health status through regular preventive examinations.
Dynamic monitoring for people in various health conditions.
Identification/elimination of disease-causing factors.
Encouraging healthy lifestyles.
Implementing medical and recreational programs.
Enhancement of the quality and efficiency of medical care.

Types of Counseling

Preventive counseling is a critical component of the medical examination process, aimed at encouraging patient engagement in health maintenance and disease prevention.
Individualized preventive counseling is tailored to patients with specific risk factors.
Brief counseling is focused, efficient, and regularly incorporated into clinical appointments.
In-depth counseling is a more comprehensive intervention used in targeted populations.

Medical Examination by Categories

Citizens under 72 with cardiovascular diseases, chronic ischemic lower extremities are subject to medical examinations.
Citizens with risk factors for alcohol, drug or substance abuse also need medical examinations.
Citizens over 75 are assessed for risk factors that may lead to senile asthenia.

Diagnostic Criteria for Risk Factors and Other Pathological Conditions

Elevated blood pressure is a systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher, or a diastolic pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher
Hypercholesterolemia involves a total cholesterol level of 5 mmol/L or more.
Hyperglycemia means fasting plasma glucose level of 6.1 mmol/L or more.
Smoking involves cigarette use of one or more cigarettes daily.

Basis of Preventive Work of a Pediatrician

Pediatricians use a six-criterion assessment system.
First criterion evaluates developmental deviations in the ontogenetic/biological, sociological, and genealogical aspect.
Second criterion evaluates levels of physical development.
Third criterion analyzes neuropsychological development.
Fourth criterion assesses the organism's resilience.
Fifth criterion evaluates the body's functional state.
Sixth criterion checks for the presence/absence of chronic diseases or developmental defects.

Groups of Dispensary Observation

Group I - Healthy individuals without noticeable deviations.
Group II- Healthy but with a potentially unfavorable genetic history, or with elevated risk factors for chronic disease.
Group III - Diagnosed with chronic disorders requiring supervision.
Group IV- Children with chronic/acute disorders.
Group V - Children with chronic disorders that need special attention.

Medical Rehabilitation

Includes various specialists (medical, social, pedagogical, legal, occupational).
Aims at restoring patients to complete health or achieving maximum compensation for defects and illnesses.
Includes specific measures to meet patient health needs and to adjust the medical examination methods.
Utilizes various methods, including physiotherapy, drug therapy, and clinical nutrition.

Organization Principles of Medical Rehabilitation

Early use of rehabilitation measures for childhood diseases
Tailor-made rehabilitation programs to address the specific characteristics of each child.
Continuous and consistent use of all the available rehabilitation methods.
Simple and affordable rehabilitation methods and healthcare facilities.
Active and informed participation of parents in planning child's rehabilitation program.
Including therapeutic, medications, mineral waters and herbal medicine.

Stages of Medical Rehabilitation

First stage: stabilizing the treatment result during acute/exacerbated periods
Second stage: continuous dispensary observation and monitoring of treatment effectiveness
Third stage: rehabilitation through sanatorium resorts, aiming for complete resolution of the disease

Documents & Procedures for Admission to a Sanatorium

Sanatorium card, providing information on diseases, tests done and vaccinations.
Certificates from different specialists (infectious patients, dermatologist and doctor of the general practice), confirming the absence of infectious diseases
Specific study results on causative agents of certain diseases

Types of Rehabilitation

Social rehabilitation: securing resources, including accommodations and mobility aids, for people with disabilities.
Vocational rehabilitation: providing vocational training or employment support.
Medical rehabilitation: focused physical therapy, and other treatment modalities.

Medical Rehabilitation Methods

Psychotherapy: Addressing psychological issues, taking into account the individual's preferences and attitude towards the disease.
Physical: Exercise therapy, massage, breathing exercises, and other.
Medications: Using targeted pharmacotherapy to aid in recovery.
Procedures: Using interventions like operations and prosthetics.
Diet therapy : Establishing dietary recommendations for healthy eating habits.
Employment therapy: Encouraging patient engagement in daily tasks, including household chores, to enable functional abilities.

Principles of Medical Rehabilitation for Patients with Myocardial Infarction

Early intervention within the first stage of the acute condition.
Post-hospital rehabilitation in a specialist facility or local sanatorium.
Continuous secondary prevention (outpatient/clinic) and spa procedures.
The most effective methods include laser therapy (low-intensity infrared or red light).
The therapy also has other effects, including reducing platelet aggregation, improving microvascularization and having antiarrhythmic effects.

Medical Rehabilitation after Operations on Digestive Organs

Rehabilitation programs begin within 2-3 weeks post-surgery, focused on recovery and prevention.
Medicinal and non-medicinal remedies are used to reduce postoperative inflammation.
Methods include physical therapy, such as mineral water drinking.
Other methods may include techniques like novocaine and mud electrophoresis, diadynamic therapy and amplipulse therapy.

Medical Rehabilitation for Patients after Gallbladder Surgery and Bile Ducts

The program aims to prevent issues and accelerate return to work/daily life.
Rehabilitation focuses on balneological and physiotherapy methods.
Crucial methods to rehabilitate patients rapidly include mineral water drinking with predominant sulfate, magnesium, calcium, sodium in the water.
UHF therapy is used to address inflammation and promote tissue regeneration.

Medical Rehabilitation in Urological and Nephrological Diseases

The program aims to reduce the duration of disability and improve body functions.
Methods focus on addressing inflammation, improving tissue development and restoring organ function.
General contraindications are acute/severe illnesses, and severe mental illnesses hindering effective rehabilitation.
Physical methods: managing pain, promoting urination (diet and exercises),
Methods such as mud or electrophoresis therapy

Medical Rehabilitation after Injuries and Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

The purpose is to reduce disability, improve body functions and reduce pain.
Rehabilitation involves methods to prevent joint deformities.
Effective treatment normally involves eliminating the source of pain/loss of function.
General contraindications involve conditions such as severe illnesses, intellectual/non-intellectual impairments, and conditions impacting a patient's ability to effectively participate in treatment.

Bruises

Physical methods:
- Local cryotherapy (applying cold)
- Electrophoresis (medications through electrical mediums)
- UV irradiation
- Diadynamic and amplipulse therapy
- Interference therapy

Vasoconstrictive & Lymphatic Drainage Methods

Cooling compress
Alcohol compresses (increasing osmotic pressure)

Vasodilating Methods

Infrared irradiation: enhancing capillary dilation
Magnetotherapy: improving blood circulation and lymphatic drainage
Warming compresses: local heating

Anti-inflammatory Methods

Using heat exposure methods carefully as they can worsen inflammation
Targeting and suppressing inflammation
Stimulating immune response using leukocytes
Using methods that aid the body's healing response

Trophostimulating Methods

Physical therapy exercises during and outside of disease exacerbation periods
Dynamic exercises to improve functioning/reduce pain
Exercises are specifically designed for the stage of the disease (acute or remission)

Massage Methods

Effective in improving peripheral blood flow
Activating peripheral nervous tissue

Sanatorium Treatment

Employing various therapeutic methodologies, including balneotherapy, to alleviate metabolic disorders, and functional problems/syndromes in the body

Therapeutic Mud Stimulates

Promoting anabolic processes and inhibiting catabolic processes in joint tissues
Improving nutrient/energy delivery to cartilage tissues
Triggering steroid formation processes and modulating body's immune response, therefore aiding in tissue recovery.

Anti-inflammatory Methods (continued)

Focusing efforts on suppressing inflammatory components and improving cellular functioning
Promoting immune reactions, targeting underlying causes and accelerating healing
Assisting in the reduction of swelling, pain, and the prevention of complications

Principles of Medical Rehabilitation for Patients with Myocardial Infarction (continued)

Immediate measures to stabilize conditions in acute MI
Post-hospital rehabilitation program to restore function and prevent complications/syndromes
Constant supervision and guidance throughout the rehabilitation process
Laser therapy's effectiveness in improving circulation.

Fundamentals of Medical Rehabilitation for Post-Stroke Patients

Early start in hospital, addressing early complications rapidly.
Specialized rehabilitation centers or local sanatorium.
Emphasizing on restoring function/addressing neurological or physical impairments.
Rehabilitation therapy includes treatments like medicine, massage, electrical stimulation, and physiotherapy exercises.

The Second Stage of Medical Rehabilitation

Focus on restoring motor skills, improving compensatory mechanisms.
Emphasizing on physiotherapy which may involve manual therapy, cryotherapy, magnetotherapy and heat treatments.
Active participation for patients to re-engage in their communities through physical activity and occupational therapy.

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Description

Test your knowledge on newborn health assessment criteria and child health classifications, specifically focusing on Groups and therapeutic measures for COPD patients. This quiz will challenge your understanding of pediatric health standards and conditions.