Newborn Care and Assessment Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the heart rate categorized as when it is between 0 and 100 beats per minute?

Tachycardia

Absence

Weak cry (correct)

Normal

What muscle tone classification indicates active motion?

No response

Limp

Active motion (correct)

Some flexion of extremities

When is the umbilical cord typically clamped and cut after birth?

Before birth

After one hour

When pulsations cease (correct)

Immediately after birth

Which factor listed is not a characteristic of newborns that predisposes them to heat loss?

High fat content Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes bradypnea?

Less than 15 breaths per minute Signup and view all the answers

What is the average blood volume of a term newborn infant usually approximate to?

100 ml per kg body weight Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to the umbilical cord clamps after they have been applied?

Ensure they are 2-2.5 cm from the umbilicus Signup and view all the answers

How does a healthy full-term infant conserve heat?

Flexed position Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of clearing the airway immediately after birth?

To prevent the aspiration of debris into the trachea Signup and view all the answers

At what two time intervals should the Apgar score be assessed?

At 1 minute and at 5 minutes after birth Signup and view all the answers

What score range indicates a need for resuscitation?

0 to 2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT part of the immediate care of the newborn baby?

Bathing the infant Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of thermal adaptation in newborn care?

To prevent hypothermia after birth Signup and view all the answers

What is the Apgar scoring system primarily used to evaluate?

Cardiopulmonary function Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions should occur first after a newborn's head is delivered?

Clearing the airway Signup and view all the answers

Why is vitamin K administered to newborns?

To prevent bleeding disorders Signup and view all the answers

At what age should individuals start performing breast self-exams?

20 years or older Signup and view all the answers

When is the best time to perform a breast self-exam after a menstrual cycle?

One week after menstruation Signup and view all the answers

What should be used to perform the breast self-exam effectively?

Fingertip pads Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is recommended for effectively feeling the breast tissue during the self-exam?

Pressing lightly and then deeply in overlapping circles Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you notice changes in your breast tissue?

Contact a health care professional Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT a sign to look for during a visual breast exam?

Normal color of skin Signup and view all the answers

What should you check for in the area under the arms during the breast self-exam?

Swollen lymph nodes Signup and view all the answers

How can you help remember when to perform breast self-exams?

Using a calendar reminder Signup and view all the answers

What is the first thing to do during a breast self-exam?

Look at your breasts in the mirror with your shoulders straight. Signup and view all the answers

What should you look for in the mirror during the first step of the breast self-exam?

If the breasts are evenly shaped without distortion. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following changes should prompt you to see a doctor after the first step?

Dimpling or puckering of the skin. Signup and view all the answers

How should you feel your breasts while lying down?

Using your fingertips in a circular motion, keeping them flat and together. Signup and view all the answers

What pattern is suggested when feeling your breast?

Up and down vertically, like mowing a lawn. Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is recommended for checking the breasts while in the shower?

Ensuring the skin is wet and slippery. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do after looking for fluid coming out of the nipples?

Feel your breasts while lying down immediately. Signup and view all the answers

When feeling the tissue beneath the skin of the breasts, what pressure should be applied?

Firm pressure for deep tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in examining the right breast when the client is in a supine position?

Put the right arm over the head. Signup and view all the answers

During palpation of the breast, what method is recommended to ensure all areas are examined?

Press on the breast tissue using small circular motions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of actions when examining the underarm area?

Press in a circular pattern while keeping the arm relaxed at the side. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after checking for discharge during the nipple examination?

Only record findings if abnormalities are present. Signup and view all the answers

In what position should the client be for the palpation of the right breast?

Supine with the right arm overhead. Signup and view all the answers

What is one key objective of performing a breast exam?

To discover abnormalities that may cause harm early Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Breast Self-Exam (BSE) is true?

Regular calendar reminders can help maintain BSE habits Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if unusual changes or pain are detected during a BSE?

Contact a doctor or nurse practitioner to report these changes Signup and view all the answers

What is an important step to take before conducting a breast exam?

Wash your hands thoroughly Signup and view all the answers

During the inspection phase of a breast exam, what position should the client ideally be in?

Sitting comfortably facing the examiner Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of breast self-exam guidance?

Perform BSE only during menstruation Signup and view all the answers

What should be assessed regarding the nipple during a breast examination?

Type, size, and any secretions Signup and view all the answers

For what purpose is encouraging regular BSE practice important?

To reinforce the individual's confidence in their ability to conduct BSE Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Immediate Care of the Newborn Baby

Immediate care of newborn babies includes clearing the airway, assessing the baby's condition using an Apgar score, clamping and cutting the umbilical cord, thermal adaptation, identification, care of the eyes, and Vitamin K administration.

Clearing the Airway

The pharynx and nasopharynx (mouth and nose) must be suctioned immediately after birth to remove mucus, blood, and meconium.
Mechanical suction is used to minimize the risk of virus transmission.
The baby is held briefly to allow liquid drainage by gravity before transferring to a warmed bassinet.

Assessment of Baby's Condition Using Apgar Score

The Apgar score is a scoring system used to assess cardiopulmonary function in a newborn baby.
The assessment is performed at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth.
Scores range from 0 to 10.
A score of 7-10 is normal.
A score of 3-6 indicates mild to moderate distress.
A score of 0-2 indicates severe distress, requiring resuscitation and ICU care.

Clamping and Cutting the Cord

The umbilical cord contains two arteries and one vein covered by Wharton's jelly.
Cord length is approximately 50 cm.
The cord should be clamped approximately 8-10 cm from the umbilicus.
Clamping should occur after pulsations have ceased to reduce the risk of blood loss.
The cord is ligated (tied off) 2-2.5 cm from the umbilicus using a special clamp or rubber bands.
Blood volume for a term newborn is 80-100 ml per kg body weight.

Thermal Adaptation

Newborn skin is thin and blood vessels are close to the surface.
Heat loss occurs readily from the internal areas.
To minimize heat loss, the baby's skin surface area exposed to the surrounding air should be reduced.
Full term infants are kept in a flexed position.
Heat loss mechanisms include evaporation (amniotic fluid), conduction, convection, and radiation.

Identification

Babies in hospitals must be easily identifiable.
Methods include name bands on wrists and ankles, with information like name, sex, and date of birth.

Care of the Eyes

Immediately after birth, the baby's eyes are treated to prevent ophthalmic neonatorum.
Tetracycline or erythromycin ointment is administered for prophylaxis.

Vitamin K

Hemorrhagic disease in newborns results from Vitamin K deficiency.
A single dose of vitamin K prevents bleeding problems until the infant is capable of producing it on its own.
Administered intramuscularly, at 0.5 to 1 mg within the first hour after birth.

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Description

Test your knowledge on essential newborn care and assessment practices. This quiz covers various aspects such as heart rate, Apgar scoring, and immediate care procedures for newborns. Perfect for students and professionals in healthcare and nursing fields.