Child Rights: Exploitation, Education & Marriage

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Questions and Answers

A 13-year-old is offered a job in a fireworks factory, which is known for its dangerous working conditions. Which fundamental right is most directly violated if they accept this employment?

Right Against Hazardous Employment. (correct)
Right to Constitutional Remedies.
Right Against Exploitation.
Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression.

The RTE Act of 2009 mandates that private schools reserve 25% of their seats for children from disadvantaged backgrounds. What is the primary goal of this provision?

To decrease the number of students attending public schools.
To provide employment opportunities for teachers from marginalized communities.
To increase the revenue of private schools through government subsidies.
To promote social equality and ensure access to education for all children, regardless of their socio-economic status. (correct)

A family is struggling financially and considers having their 12-year-old child work full-time to support the household. Which constitutional provision is the most relevant in protecting the child's rights in this scenario?

Right to Protection from Exploitation. (correct)
Right to Property.
Right to Equality before the Law.
Right to Freedom of Religion.

A 17-year-old girl is being forced into marriage by her parents. According to Indian law, what legal recourse is available to her?

The marriage is voidable at her option once she turns 18. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Under the POCSO Act, even 'consensual' sexual activity with a minor is considered statutory rape. What is the underlying principle behind this provision?

Minors are considered legally incapable of giving informed consent, and are therefore protected from potential exploitation. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Article 21A in the Indian Constitution, regarding children's rights?

It ensures free and compulsory education for children between 6-14 years. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A private school refuses to admit a child from a disadvantaged background, despite having available seats under the RTE Act. What legal action can be taken against the school?

A complaint can be filed with the appropriate educational authorities, who can take action against the school for violating the RTE Act. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies a violation of Article 39(e) and 39(f) concerning the protection of children from exploitation?

A child is forced to work long hours in a factory, missing school and proper nutrition. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006?

To prevent marriages where either the bride is under 18 or the groom is under 21, thereby protecting children from early marriage. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A 16-year-old boy and his parents are aware that his employer is sexually harassing him at work, but they do not report it out of fear of losing his job. Which legal obligation are they failing to uphold?

The legal obligation to report the incident to appropriate authorities, as mandated by the POCSO Act. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Article 24

Children under 14 years cannot be employed in factories, mines, or hazardous industries.

Article 21A

Every child between 6-14 years has the right to free and compulsory education in a neighborhood school.

Article 39(e) & 39(f)

The State must ensure that children are not forced into labor due to economic necessity and must provide opportunities for children's healthy development without neglect or abuse.

Child Marriage Act, 2006

The legal age for marriage is 18 years for girls and 21 years for boys; marriages involving underage individuals are voidable, and those forcing child marriages face punishment.

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POCSO Act, 2012

Strict punishment for any form of sexual abuse against children below 18 years; even 'consensual' sexual activity with a minor is considered statutory rape.

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Study Notes

Right Against Hazardous Employment (Article 24)

Children under 14 cannot be employed in factories, mines, or hazardous industries.
The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986, amended in 2016, prohibits all employment of children under 14, except in family-run businesses after school.

Right to Free and Compulsory Education (Article 21A)

Every child between 6-14 years has the right to free and compulsory education in a neighborhood school.
Under the Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009, private schools must reserve 25% of seats for children from disadvantaged backgrounds.

Right to Protection from Exploitation (Article 39(e) & 39(f))

The State must ensure that children are not forced into labor due to economic necessity.
The State must provide opportunities for children's healthy development without neglect or abuse.

Protection from Child Marriage (Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006)

The legal age for marriage is 18 years for girls and 21 years for boys.
Marriages involving girls under 18 or boys under 21 are considered voidable.
Parents or guardians forcing a child into marriage can face punishment.

Protection from Sexual Offenses (POCSO Act, 2012)

The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act provides strict punishment for any form of sexual abuse against children below 18 years.
Even "consensual" sexual activity with a minor is considered statutory rape.

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