Child Psychology: Phallic Stage Development Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of psychodynamic psychotherapy?

  • Make the conscious unconscious
  • Suppress the unconscious thoughts
  • Make the unconscious conscious (correct)
  • Analyze the manifest content of dreams

    • Which technique in psychodynamic psychotherapy involves asking clients to say whatever comes to mind without censoring themselves?

  • Slips analysis
  • Dream work
  • Free association (correct)
  • Word association

    • What did Freud refer to as the 'royal roads' to the unconscious?

  • Dreams (correct)
  • Word association
  • Manifest content of dreams
  • Dream work

    • When the id has an impulse and the superego rejects it, what defense mechanism is used when the ego redirects the id impulse toward a safer target?

    <p>Displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach to therapy involves selecting the best treatment for a given client based on empirical data from studies of the treatment of similar clients?

    <p>Eclectic approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who successfully integrated psychotherapy approaches, specifically psychoanalysis and behavior therapy?

    <p>Paul Wachtel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action stage in the process of behavior change according to the transtheoretical model?

    <p>Actively changing behavior and making notable efforts to overcome problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between efficacy studies and effectiveness studies?

    <p>Efficacy studies have stricter criteria for participants, while effectiveness studies have looser criteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the transdiagnostic approach promoted by David Barlow and his colleagues based on?

    <p>Focusing on specific underlying factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do psychologists in private practice find case studies more persuasive than research reviews?

    <p>They offer more practical insights into client treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been a significant challenge in terms of disseminating treatments?

    <p>Practitioners’ reluctance to change their practices based on research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Consumer Reports find when surveying its subscribers about their experiences with psychotherapy?

    <p>Psychotherapy had very positive, lasting effects for the vast majority of respondents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do neurobiological studies using neuroimaging technologies suggest about psychotherapy?

    <p>Psychotherapy changes the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did pre-pandemic studies suggest about the effectiveness of teletherapy compared to in-person therapy?

    <p>Teletherapy produced roughly equal results to in-person therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Unified Protocol developed by David Barlow and his colleagues focused on?

    <p>Reducing negative thought patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do practitioners place a higher value on their own intuition and judgments according to the text?

    <p>Clients differ and manuals limit professional autonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major reason for psychologists in private practice being more willing to undergo training in an empirically supported treatment if the training was brief and inexpensive?

    <p>They believe brief and inexpensive training is more effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been found about the medical cost offset considerations regarding therapy according to the text?

    <p>Therapy can offset medical costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'Dodo bird verdict' in the context of therapy?

    <p>The concept that competing therapies are found to work about equally well</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fundamental component of therapies that explains how different forms of therapy can have similar effects?

    <p>Therapeutic Relationship/Alliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to research, what is the best predictor of therapy outcome?

    <p>Quality of the therapeutic relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In addition to the likelihood that a good alliance causes client improvement, what else is possible?

    <p>Client improvement may cause a good alliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common factor among different psychotherapies?

    <p>Hope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the three-stage sequential model of common factors, what comes after the 'Support factors' stage?

    <p>'Learning factors' stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach views specific therapy techniques as the treatment of choice for specific disorders?

    <p>'Prescriptive' approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has witnessed a remarkable rise in popularity among therapists since the 1980s?

    <p>'Cognitive therapy'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which format of therapy dominates the professional activities of clinical psychologists?

    <p>'Psychotherapy with individual clients'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Stages of change model' describes various points where clients may fall in terms of readiness to start therapy. Which stage refers to an intention to take action within a short time?

    <p>'Preparation stage'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has declined significantly since 1960?

    <p>'Psychodynamic/psychoanalytic therapy'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the potential compromise in psychotherapy recognize as important?

    <p>The importance of both specific treatment and general, common effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a psychodynamic psychotherapist in the 'blank screen' role?

    <p>To reveal very little about themselves to their clients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In psychotherapy, what is transference?

    <p>The client's tendency to form relationships with therapists based on past experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary issue during the oral stage of psychosexual development?

    <p>Dependency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the idea that children may become psychologically or emotionally 'stuck' at a particular developmental stage?

    <p>Fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to psychotherapy, what is countertransference?

    <p>Transference by therapists toward clients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process in which interpretations, which can be difficult for clients to accept, are reconsidered and reevaluated again and again?

    <p>Interpretation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In psychotherapy, what is the oral stage characterized by?

    <p>Experiencing all pleasurable sensations through the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a psychodynamic psychotherapist in relation to 'transference tendencies'?

    <p>To help clients become aware of their own transference tendencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general outcome of fixation during psychosexual stages?

    <p>&quot;Stuck&quot; at a particular developmental stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary issue during the anal stage of psychosexual development?

    <p>Control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary task during the phallic stage according to the text?

    <p>Wishing to have a close relationship with parents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) as described in the text?

    <p>Improving relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which contemporary form of psychodynamic therapy emphasizes recognizing and moderating feelings as they occur?

    <p>Mentalization-based treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of parents responding too positively during the phallic stage?

    <p>Overinflated sense of self</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the emphasis of object relations as a contemporary form of psychodynamic therapy?

    <p>Social relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of brief psychodynamic psychotherapy according to the text?

    <p>Lasts fewer than 24 sessions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT) as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Control and stabilize daily rhythms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ego psychology exemplify according to the text?

    <p>Adaptive tendencies of the ego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of parents responding with rejection during the phallic stage?

    <p>Overly insecure, self-doubting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of mentalization-based treatment as described in the text?

    <p>Helping clients recognize and moderate feelings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of brief psychodynamic psychotherapy as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Lasts fewer than 24 sessions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary task during 5 to 3 years of age according to the text?

    <p>Toilet training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Hans Eysenck's study, what was the main claim about psychotherapy?

    <p>Psychotherapy had little to no benefit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tripartite model with regards to therapy outcomes?

    <p>A model that accounts for the three people who have a stake in therapy: clients, therapists, and society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between efficacy and effectiveness of psychotherapy?

    <p>Efficacy is measured in controlled research studies, while effectiveness is measured with actual clients treated by therapists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis of the tripartite model?

    <p>The three parties who have a stake in how well therapy works</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some of the methods used to gather opinions about therapy outcomes?

    <p>Questionnaires, interviews, or other methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When measuring benefits during the therapy process, what type of measures are used?

    <p>Behavioral measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does efficacy emphasize in controlled research studies?

    <p>Random assignment to control and treatment groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Follow-up' strategies measure benefits at which intervals after therapy has ended?

    <p>[1, 6, 12] months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Society' in the context of therapy refers to:

    <p>Outsiders to the therapy process who have an interest in how therapy progresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Effectiveness' refers to the extent to which psychotherapy works with whom?

    <p><em>Actual clients</em> treated by therapists in real-world settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle argues that people have an inborn tendency to grow?

    <p>Self-actualization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the discrepancy between the real and ideal self in humanistic psychotherapy?

    <p>Incongruence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three essential therapeutic ingredients proposed by Rogers for a successful therapeutic relationship?

    <p>Empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the match between the real self and the ideal self in humanistic psychotherapy?

    <p>Congruence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of regard refers to the warmth, love, and acceptance of those around us in humanistic psychotherapy?

    <p>Unconditional positive regard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "The term humanists use to describe the match between the real self and the ideal self that is achieved when self-actualization is allowed to guide a person’s life without interference by any conditions of worth, and, as a result, mental health is optimized." - What term is being defined here?

    <p>Congruence</p> Signup and view all the answers

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