Child Development: Regression and Sibling Rivalry

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Questions and Answers

What is a common phenomenon observed in toddlers when a new sibling is born?

Regression (correct)

Moral development

Separation anxiety

Imitation

Why do toddlers experience temper tantrums?

Due to separation anxiety

Due to an inability to communicate effectively (correct)

Due to fear of loud noises

Due to hunger

What is a key aspect of moral development in toddlers?

Imitation of parental behavior (correct)

Punishment for misbehavior

Reward-based training

Verbal instruction

How can parents promote language acquisition in toddlers?

By reading to them regularly Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of preoperational thought in toddlers?

Egocentricity Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of sibling rivalry in toddlers?

Anger outbursts and regressive behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for reinforcing moral decisions in toddlers?

Consistency and repetition Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to spend special time with a toddler when a new sibling is born?

To reduce feelings of insecurity and jealousy Signup and view all the answers

What is a common trigger for negativistic behavior in toddlers?

Frustration due to unmet needs Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of toddlers that contributes to temper tantrums?

Limited vocabulary Signup and view all the answers

At what age do temper tantrums typically diminish in intensity and frequency?

By 4-5 years old Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended way to deal with temper tantrums?

Ignoring the behavior Signup and view all the answers

Why do toddlers use transitional objects?

To reduce anxiety during separation Signup and view all the answers

What should parents do when leaving their toddlers?

Be honest about when they will return Signup and view all the answers

Why should toddlers not be expected to give up all transitional objects at once?

Because they provide comfort and security Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective way to encourage positive behavior in toddlers?

Offering praise and positive reinforcement Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of not treating Amblyopia?

Blindness Signup and view all the answers

What is the age when children typically achieve daytime dryness?

3 ½ years Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's theory, what is the critical task for toddlers to master?

Autonomy Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of discipline in toddlers?

To guide and correct choices Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of not mastering autonomy in toddlers?

Unhealthy psychosocial development Signup and view all the answers

At what age can children typically walk alone without assistance?

15 months Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the crossing of eyes?

Strabismus Signup and view all the answers

Why is toilet training important to parents?

Because it is a parental readiness Signup and view all the answers

What is the age when children can typically climb the stairs alone using two feet on each step?

2 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of changes in schedule, emotional stress, fatigue, or illness on toilet training?

Setbacks Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Regression

Sibling rivalry can cause a return to an earlier stage of development to feel more comfortable and secure
Regression can be seen in behaviors like bedwetting after the birth of a new sibling
Parents should plan special time alone with the toddler to make them feel as important as the new baby

Cognitive Development (Preoperational Thought)

According to Piaget, preoperational thought begins at 2 years of age
Toddlers interpret new experiences based on memories of previous happenings
Object permanence: understanding that things will not disappear even if they cannot be seen
Egocentric: toddlers cannot sense the world from any point of view other than their own
Toddlers have an incomplete understanding of time

Moral Development

Moral development depends on toddlers imitating their parents' moral behavior and teachings
Parents should start teaching toddlers what is right and wrong
Repeated instructions and consistency reinforce moral decisions
Toddlers learn respect by being treated with respect
Learning socially acceptable behaviors is a long, slow process that begins in toddlerhood and extends through adolescence

Communication and Language Acquisition

Language acquisition is automatic and spontaneous, enhanced by practice
Encouraging toddlers' speech and reading to them helps build language skills
Language acquisition develops along with memory and recognition
The "why" age: toddlers ask many questions

Developmental Milestones

Gross motor skills depend on growth and maturation of muscles, bones, and nerves
By the end of toddlerhood, children develop independent functioning skills such as walking, eating, dressing, toileting, and using language
Fine motor skills include self-feeding, dressing, and playing
Fine motor skills develop through practicing with utensils, dressing, and playing

Toilet Training

According to Freud's psychosexual development, the toddler is at the anal stage
Toilet training is more important to parents than to the young child
Toilet training should be a positive experience
Toilet training can be successful once the child has achieved maturity in sphincter control, nerves, and language
Toddlers learn bowel control before bladder control

Psychosocial Development

According to Erikson's theory, the toddler must master autonomy to achieve healthy psychosocial development
Toddlers try to master independence in daily activities (toileting, dressing, feeding, taking care of belongings)
Encouraging children to make simple decisions fosters a sense of independence
Autonomy must be fostered while offering supervision and guidance

Discipline

Discipline should guide, correct, strengthen, and improve the child's choices
Discipline should not deny the child freedom
Caregivers should be consistent and repeatedly reinforce limitations
Sometimes discipline triggers negativistic behavior (temper tantrums, rebellious behavior)

Temper Tantrums

Occur as a result of frustration when needs are not met immediately (terrible twos)
Toddlers have limited vocabulary; hard to express feelings, may result in outburst of kicking, screaming, or breath holding
Commonly seen between ages of 2 and 3 years, diminish in intensity and frequency by the age of 4 and 5 years
Ways to deal with temper tantrums: place less emphasis on minor issues, ignoring, giving choices, "time-out", not sharing plans in advance, and offering praise and positive reinforcement

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Description

Learn about regression in toddlers, where they revert to earlier behaviors, and sibling rivalry, which stems from feelings of jealousy and insecurity. Discover how parents can address these issues.