Child Development Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What type of play are the two children in the sandbox engaged in?

Parallel play (correct)

Solitary play

Pretend play

Cooperative play

According to Erik Erikson, how does development occur?

Through incremental moral reasoning gains

In response to environmental stimuli

As a consequence of biological maturation

Throughout life in a series of psychosocial stages (correct)

Which option is likely a reason for cognitive declines after middle age?

Decreased processing speed (correct)

Decreased visual acuity

Increased susceptibility to environmental stimuli

Decreased ability to recall memories

What physical changes did Harry experience at thirteen?

Spermarche, height and weight increase, voice deepening Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of solitary play?

Children playing alone without social interaction Signup and view all the answers

In the developmental stages proposed by Erikson, which aspect is emphasized?

Psychosocial challenges across the lifespan Signup and view all the answers

What defines parallel play among children?

Playing in separate spaces with no influence Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the onset of sperm production in males?

Spermarche Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of physical maturation where an adolescent reaches sexual maturity called?

Puberty Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the breakdown of information or skills into digestible parts for learners?

Scaffolding Signup and view all the answers

What psychological theory does David's decision to buy a sports car rather than pay tuition illustrate?

Strong Id Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nervous system is primarily responsible for regulating involuntary physiologic processes?

Autonomic System Signup and view all the answers

What type of sleep stage is likely associated with nocturnal emissions due to stress?

REM sleep Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the imitative behavior of a learner acting after observing a model?

Modeling Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the Somatic System?

Controls voluntary movements Signup and view all the answers

Which component of Freud's theory is responsible for moral judgments and ideals?

Super Ego Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely reason for your grandmother's difficulty in hearing higher frequencies?

Damage in her inner ear Signup and view all the answers

What is the technical term for the sense of hearing?

Audition Signup and view all the answers

In addition to the substance being tasted, which factor also influences our sense of taste?

The smell of the substance Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism does acupuncture stimulate to relieve pain?

Close a pain gate Signup and view all the answers

If you cannot see and your friend calls your name, where will you find it easiest to locate her?

Directly in front of you Signup and view all the answers

To construct meaning from our sensory information, what process do we use?

Perception Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the ear is primarily responsible for auditory transduction?

Cochlea Signup and view all the answers

What is one way that acupuncture is believed to function in relation to pain?

Facilitate the release of endorphins Signup and view all the answers

What is likely causing Ian's irritability and inability to concentrate after his flight?

Jet lag Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a person's awakeness as they progress from stage 1 to stage 4 sleep?

Less easily awakened Signup and view all the answers

Dr. Caceres believes that sleep promotes physiological repair processes. Which theory of sleep does this align with?

Restorative theory Signup and view all the answers

What symptoms would a person exhibit if induced into immediate REM sleep?

Narcolepsy Signup and view all the answers

When Dyne practices her mantra in a relaxed position, what activity is she engaging in?

Meditation Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of jet lag on an individual's daily functioning?

Increased irritability Signup and view all the answers

Which sleep stage is associated with increased physiological arousal approaching REM sleep?

Stage 4 Signup and view all the answers

Individuals with insomnia typically struggle with what aspect of sleep?

Falling and staying asleep Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence most closely describes neural transmission?

An electric change is created in the neuron, the charge travels down the cell, and chemicals are released that cross the synapse to the next cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is the space between the axon of a sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of a receiving neuron called?

Synaptic gap/synaptic cleft Signup and view all the answers

Which type of neuron transmits impulses from the spinal cord to skeletal and smooth muscles?

Motor neurons Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the role of interneurons?

They carry sensory information and regulate motor activity within the central nervous system. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs at the axon terminal of a neuron?

Messages are transmitted to other cells via neurotransmitters. Signup and view all the answers

What activates sensory neurons?

Sensory input from the environment. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of neurotransmitter vesicles?

To store neurotransmitters for release at the synapse. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes how information travels to and from the brain?

It mostly travels through the spinal cord via various types of neurons. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Reflexes and Play Types

Startle reaction in premature infants occurs due to auditory stimulus, showcasing habituation; Moro reflex does not involve auditory cues.
In sandboxes, children discussing different topics while playing side-by-side exhibit parallel play, characterized by playing adjacent to one another without interaction.

Development Theories

Erik Erikson's theory posits that development occurs across life through a series of psychosocial stages, influencing personal growth and identity.

Cognitive Changes in Middle Age

Cognitive declines in middle age are likely due to decreased processing speed, impacting the ability to process information efficiently.

Puberty Signs

Harry's physical changes at age thirteen, including testicle enlargement and voice deepening, signify the onset of puberty, the process of reaching sexual maturity.

Scaffolding in Learning

Scaffolding exemplifies a teaching method in which an adult provides initial support while gradually reducing assistance, enabling independence in learning tasks.

Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

David's choice to buy a sports car instead of using his inheritance for tuition reflects a strong Id, driven by immediate gratification and desires.

Nervous System Function

The autonomic system regulates involuntary bodily functions like heart rate and digestion, managing visceral muscles and glands.

Neural Transmission

Neural transmission involves an electric change within a neuron, sending a charge down the cell and releasing chemicals across synapses to the next neuron.

Synaptic Gap

The synaptic gap, or synaptic cleft, refers to the space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another, crucial for effective neurotransmission.

Spinal Cord Neurons

Neurons in the spinal cord that transmit sensory and motor information are called interneurons, operating exclusively within the central nervous system.

Hearing and Aging

Difficulty in hearing higher frequencies is likely linked to damage in the inner ear, highlighting age-related auditory changes.

Auditory Perception Terminology

Audition refers to the technical term for hearing, crucial for understanding sensory processing related to sound.

Taste Perception Influencers

Taste is influenced by factors beyond the substance itself, including genetic makeup and olfactory senses, enhancing the tasting experience.

Acupuncture and Pain Management

Acupuncture stimulates fibers that can close a pain gate, reducing pain perception by sending non-pain impulses, aligning with the Gate Control Theory of Pain.

Spatial Awareness in Hearing

A blindfolded person can determine the direction of a voice more easily when the speaker is directly in front, due to binaural hearing cues.

Sensory Information Processing

The process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory information to construct meaning from the environment is termed perception.

Circadian Rhythm Disruption

Jet lag occurs when the body's circadian rhythm is misaligned with local time, resulting in sleep disturbances and irritability.

Sleep Stages Characteristics

As one progresses from stage 1 to stage 4 sleep, they become less easily awakened, leading to deeper sleep states.

Physiological Benefits of Sleep

Restorative theory suggests sleep promotes physiological repair and rejuvenation processes essential for mental and physical health.

REM Sleep and Disorders

Immediate entry into REM sleep may simulate symptoms of narcolepsy, where individuals experience sudden bouts of sleep during the day.

Meditation Practice

Practicing meditation involves focusing the mind and utilizing physical techniques to achieve relaxation and mental clarity.

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Description

Test your knowledge on child development concepts including reflexes and types of play. This quiz covers key ideas about auditory stimuli and social interactions among children. Perfect for students studying psychology or early childhood education.