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Questions and Answers
Who conditioned a child (Little Albert) to fear a white rat by pairing the rat with a loud scary noise?
Which type of conditioning involves voluntary behavior?
Who proposed that children operate in their environment, seek out rewards, and avoid punishment?
What does behaviorism deal with?
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Who assessed cognitive development by measuring the levels of how we form concepts, perceive things, process information, and learn and use language as an indicator of brain development?
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Study Notes
Little Albert Experiment
- John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner conditioned Little Albert to fear a white rat by associating it with a loud, frightening noise.
- This experiment highlighted the concept of learned fears through classical conditioning.
Types of Conditioning
- Operant conditioning involves voluntary behavior, where behaviors are influenced by consequences like rewards or punishments.
- B.F. Skinner is a key figure associated with operant conditioning.
Child Behavior and Environmental Interaction
- Albert Bandura proposed that children actively engage with their environment, seeking out rewards while avoiding punishment.
- This perspective emphasizes the role of social learning in child development.
Focus of Behaviorism
- Behaviorism deals primarily with observable behaviors rather than internal mental states.
- It studies the relationship between stimuli and responses, emphasizing learning through interaction with the environment.
Cognitive Development Assessment
- Jean Piaget assessed cognitive development by measuring how children form concepts, perceive their surroundings, process information, and acquire language.
- His theory indicates stages of cognitive growth associated with brain development and understanding of the world.
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Description
Test your knowledge on cognitive development, operant conditioning, and the work of John B. Watson in conditioning a child to fear a white rat. Explore the principles that govern the neurological and psychological development of children and adolescents.
