12 Questions
What effect explains our tendency to remember words near the beginning of a list well?
Primacy effect
In the context of working memory, why did the chess master perform much better than the novice in the MIDDLE GAME condition?
Due to improved chunking ability
Which type of memory is responsible for the recency effect, where we tend to remember words near the end of a list well?
Short-term memory
What term describes the phenomenon where we remember words near the end of a list well?
Recency effect
Why did the patient H.M. have impaired long-term memory?
Due to damage to his hippocampus
What is the main difference between explicit and implicit memory?
Awareness of retrieving information
How do short-term memory and long-term memory differ in terms of coding information?
Short-term memory codes visually or auditorily; long-term memory codes based on meaning
What was the main contribution of lesion studies to the understanding of short-term and long-term memory?
They showed a double dissociation between the two types of memory
What is the purpose of short-term memory according to the multiple stage model of memory?
To rehearse material for transfer to long-term memory
How do long-term and short-term memories interact based on the information provided?
Long-term and short-term memories work together in the process of remembering
What is 'chunking' in the context of memory processes?
The organization of concepts to assist memory recall
How does the Atkinson & Shiffrin model explain the relationship between working memory and long-term memory?
Working memory is a crucial intermediary step in transferring information to long-term memory
Explore a study where chess players of different skill levels were tested on their working memory by reconstructing a chess board after a brief viewing. Understand how prior knowledge and chunking affect working memory in chess players. Based on a study by Chase & Simon in 1973.
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