Questions and Answers
What is an Acid?
What is a donor?
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What is an Acid-base indicator?
What is acid rain?
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What is the structure of the Actinide series?
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What is activation energy?
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What is air pollution?
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What is alcohol in chemistry?
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What is an aldehyde?
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What are alkali metals?
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What are alkaline earth metals?
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What is an alkane?
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What is an alkene?
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What is an alkyne?
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What is an alloy?
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What is alloy steel?
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What is an alpha particle?
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What is the Arrhenius concept?
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What is atmosphere in context of Earth?
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What is an atom?
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What is atomic mass?
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What is atomic number?
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What is atomic radius?
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What is Aufbau principle?
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What is auto-ionization?
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What is Avogadro's law?
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What is Avogadro's number?
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Study Notes
Chemical Compounds and Reactions
- Acid: Substance generating hydrogen ions in water; defines properties of acidic solutions.
- Acid-base indicator: Substance used to identify the endpoint in titrations, indicating a pH change.
- Acid rain: Precipitation with low pH caused by sulfur dioxide emissions from pollution.
- Activation energy: Minimum energy required to initiate a chemical reaction.
Hydrocarbons
- Alcohol: Organic compound featuring a hydroxyl group (-OH) as a substituent.
- Hydrocarbon: Compounds solely composed of hydrogen and carbon.
- Aldehyde: Organic compound characterized by a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to at least one hydrogen atom.
- Alkane: Saturated hydrocarbons defined by the formula CnH2n+2.
- Alkene: Unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon double bond; formula is CnH2n.
- Alkyne: Unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon triple bond; formula is CnH2n-2.
Metals and Alloys
- Alkali metal: Elements in Group 1 of the periodic table, known for high reactivity.
- Alkaline earth metal: Elements in Group 2, characterized by their reactivity and metallic properties.
- Alloy: Mixture of two or more elements, where at least one is a metal, exhibiting metallic characteristics.
- Alloy steel: Type of steel containing carbon and other metals (e.g., chromium, cobalt).
Radioactivity
- Alpha (α) particle: Helium nucleus resulting from radioactive decay, significantly affecting nuclear reactions.
- Alpha-particle production: A decay process prevalent among radioactive nuclides altering the mass number.
Fundamental Concepts in Chemistry
- Amphoteric substance: Capable of acting as either an acid or a base depending on the conditions.
- Anion: A negatively charged ion, often formed when an atom gains electrons.
- Anode: Electrode in a galvanic cell where oxidation occurs.
- Atmosphere: Mixture of gases surrounding Earth, crucial for supporting life.
- Atom: Basic unit of matter, each element is composed of these fundamental particles.
- Atomic mass (weight): Average mass of the isotopes of an element, reflecting natural abundance.
- Atomic number: Unique identifier for each element based on the number of protons in its nucleus.
- Atomic radius: Measured distance from the center of an atom to its outer boundary, indicative of atomic size.
Measurement and Laws
- Ampere: Electrical unit for current; one ampere equals one coulomb per second.
- Avogadro's law: States that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain an equal number of particles.
- Avogadro's number: Constant, 6.022 x 10²³, representing the number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12.
Theories and Principles
- Arrhenius concept: Framework stating acids release hydrogen ions in solution, while bases provide hydroxide ions.
- Aufbau principle: Describes the sequential filling of electron orbitals as protons are added to the nucleus in atomic structure.
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Description
Test your knowledge of essential chemistry terms with this flashcard quiz. It includes definitions for important concepts such as acids, acid-base indicators, and acid rain. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of chemical properties and reactions.