Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following correctly describes an exothermic reaction?
Which of the following correctly describes an exothermic reaction?
- Absorbs energy from the surroundings
- Is a reaction that only occurs under high pressure
- Releases energy in the form of heat (correct)
- Always results in a temperature increase of the surroundings
Oxidizing agents are reduced in a redox reaction.
Oxidizing agents are reduced in a redox reaction.
True (A)
What is the primary force that holds ionic solids together?
What is the primary force that holds ionic solids together?
Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
The equation for calculating heat transfer is Q = mc______, where c represents the specific heat capacity.
The equation for calculating heat transfer is Q = mc______, where c represents the specific heat capacity.
Match the following types of solids with their properties:
Match the following types of solids with their properties:
Flashcards
Oxidation
Oxidation
The process of losing electrons by a substance during a chemical reaction.
Reduction
Reduction
The process of gaining electrons by a substance during a chemical reaction.
Oxidizing Agent
Oxidizing Agent
A substance that causes another substance to be oxidized, while itself being reduced.
Reducing Agent
Reducing Agent
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Cell potential (Ecell)
Cell potential (Ecell)
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Study Notes
Unit 1: Organic Chemistry
- Organic compounds: know different functional groups and how to draw/name them
- Organic reactions: types and how to complete them
- Properties of organic compounds: state, changes of state, solubility (relate to functional group and intermolecular forces)
Unit 2: Structure and Properties of Matter
- Atomic history (Pauli, Schrodinger, Hund, Heisenberg, Aufbau)
- Quantum numbers (n, l, ml, ms): define electron position in orbitals (relate to periodic table)
- Drawing Lewis & VSEPR diagrams for molecules or ions, bond angles, AXE formula
- Electron configurations of atoms and ions (complete and condensed)
- Properties of different types of solids (ionic, molecular, covalent network, metallic) based on polarity and IMFs (intermolecular forces) and bonding
- Intermolecular forces, VSEPR, bonding, polar molecules, electron configurations, crystalline solids
- Quantum mechanics: energy level diagrams, electron configurations for any atom or ion
- Explain hybridization of bonds in a molecule using energy level diagrams
Unit 3: Electrochemistry
- Assigning oxidation numbers
- Determine oxidizing/reducing agents, oxidation/reduction half-reactions
- Redox table used to determine SOA (strong oxidizing agent), SRA (strong reducing agent), spontaneity, E°cell
- Balancing Redox Equations: half-reaction method and/or oxidation number method (acidic or basic solutions).
- Drawing and interpreting Electrochemical Cells (galvanic vs electrolytic, anode, cathode, electrolytes, direction of ion and electron flow), line notation
Unit 4: Thermochemistry and Rates of Reactions
- Endothermic vs exothermic reactions
- Calculating Q = mcΔt
- Calculating Enthalpy Change ΔH: calorimetry (Styrofoam and flame calorimeter), enthalpies of formation, bond energies, molar enthalpy, Hess' Law
- Factors affecting reaction rates (nature of reactants, concentration, surface area, temperature, catalyst) based on collision theory
- Calculating rates of reaction (stoichiometric, instantaneous, average), rate order, rate law, k
- Rate determining step, analyze a reaction mechanism
- Drawing and interpreting Potential Energy graphs (activated complex, intermediates, Ea, reactants, products, enthalpy change)
Unit 5: Equilibrium Systems
- Dynamic equilibrium
- Calculating Keq, Q, Ksp, molar solubility
- Apply LeChatelier's principle
- Brønsted-Lowry vs. Arrhenius definitions of acids/bases, strong vs. weak acids/bases, conjugate acid-base pairs
- Calculating pH/pOH, [H+], [OH-] (formulas given)
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