Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main purpose of using an indicator in an acid-base titration?
What is the main purpose of using an indicator in an acid-base titration?
- To determine the exact volume of acid used in the titration.
- To speed up the reaction between the acid and base.
- To estimate the concentration of the acid or base in the sample. (correct)
- To neutralize the acid and base completely.
Why is it important to repeat the acid-base titration experiment three times?
Why is it important to repeat the acid-base titration experiment three times?
- To increase the reaction rate between the acid and base.
- To change the color of the indicator in the solution.
- To ensure accuracy and reliability of the results. (correct)
- To maintain a constant pH throughout the titration process.
What happens when a strong acid reacts with a strong base?
What happens when a strong acid reacts with a strong base?
- The solution becomes very acidic.
- They form a precipitate.
- The pH of the solution remains constant. (correct)
- The solution changes color.
Why is it necessary to standardize the NaOH solution by titrating it with HCl?
Why is it necessary to standardize the NaOH solution by titrating it with HCl?
Which type of glassware is NOT mentioned as necessary for an acid-base titration experiment?
Which type of glassware is NOT mentioned as necessary for an acid-base titration experiment?
What does it mean when it is stated that 'Strong acids and strong bases dissociate completely in water'?
What does it mean when it is stated that 'Strong acids and strong bases dissociate completely in water'?
What is the purpose of titration in chemistry?
What is the purpose of titration in chemistry?
What is the primary purpose of using an indicator in a titration process?
What is the primary purpose of using an indicator in a titration process?
In titration, what is a primary standard solution known for?
In titration, what is a primary standard solution known for?
What defines the equivalence point in a titration?
What defines the equivalence point in a titration?
What distinguishes secondary standard solutions from primary standard solutions?
What distinguishes secondary standard solutions from primary standard solutions?
Why is an indicator used in titration?
Why is an indicator used in titration?
Study Notes
Titration
- Titration is a technique used to determine the concentration of a solution by measuring the volume of another solution needed to completely react with it.
Principles of Titration
- Based on the complete chemical reaction between the analyte and the reagent (titrant) of known concentration.
- Analyte: a solution of unknown concentration but known volume in a conical flask.
- Titrant: a solution of known concentration in a burette.
Standard Solutions
- Primary standard solution: extremely pure, highly stable, and can be weighed easily.
- Secondary standard solution: less pure, less stable, and cannot be weighed easily.
Titration Process
- Equivalence point: the theoretical point where the amounts of two reactants are just equivalent.
- End point: the practical point at which the reaction is observed to be complete, usually detected with an indicator.
- Indicator: an auxiliary substance that helps detect the completion of the titration process at the end point.
Acid-Base Titration
- Involves a sample of unknown concentration of acid estimated with a known concentrated base or vice versa.
- Strong acids and strong bases dissociate completely in water.
- Example: determination of the normality of sodium hydroxide solution by a standard solution of hydrochloric acid.
Equipment and Materials
- Glassware: burette, stand, conical flask, funnel, beaker, pipette, graduated cylinder, dropper, and washing bottle.
- Materials: HCl solution (standard), NaOH solution (unknown normality), and phenol naphthalene indicator.
Procedure
- Transfer 5 ml of unknown NaOH solution to a conical flask.
- Add 2-3 drops of phenol naphthalene indicator.
- Fill the burette with HCl solution to the zero mark.
- Titrate NaOH against HCl until the color changes from colorless to pink.
- Repeat the experiment three times and record the results.
Calculations
- Calculate the average volume of HCl used.
- Calculate the unknown concentration of NaOH using the average volume of HCl used.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Learn about the technique of titration in chemistry where the concentration of a solution is determined by measuring the volume needed to react with another solution. Understand the principle of titration based on chemical reactions between the analyte and titrant of known concentration.
