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Questions and Answers
What is a solution?
What is a solution?
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single physical state.
A solution is heterogeneous.
A solution is heterogeneous.
False (B)
Which of the following is true about solutions? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following is true about solutions? (Select all that apply)
- The particles will separate
- The particles are evenly distributed
- The substance that is dissolved is the solute
- The substance that does the dissolving is the solvent
- A, C, and D (correct)
The substance that does the dissolving is the ______.
The substance that does the dissolving is the ______.
The substance that dissolves is the ______.
The substance that dissolves is the ______.
Name the three types of solutions.
Name the three types of solutions.
Name the three types of solid solutions.
Name the three types of solid solutions.
Give an example of a gas dissolved in a solid.
Give an example of a gas dissolved in a solid.
Give an example of a liquid dissolved in a solid.
Give an example of a liquid dissolved in a solid.
Give an example of a solid dissolved in a solid.
Give an example of a solid dissolved in a solid.
All mixtures of gases are solutions, because each component of the mixture diffuses to uniformly fill the space of the container.
All mixtures of gases are solutions, because each component of the mixture diffuses to uniformly fill the space of the container.
The properties of gaseous solutions depend on the individual properties of each of the component gases.
The properties of gaseous solutions depend on the individual properties of each of the component gases.
Name the three types of liquid solutions.
Name the three types of liquid solutions.
Soda is an example of what type of liquid solution?
Soda is an example of what type of liquid solution?
Antifreeze is an example of what type of liquid solution?
Antifreeze is an example of what type of liquid solution?
Salt water is an example of what type of liquid solution?
Salt water is an example of what type of liquid solution?
Two liquids that can mix in any proportions are said to be ______.
Two liquids that can mix in any proportions are said to be ______.
Two liquids that cannot mix in any proportions are said to be _______.
Two liquids that cannot mix in any proportions are said to be _______.
Water is often referred to as the ______ because it forms solutions with so many different substances.
Water is often referred to as the ______ because it forms solutions with so many different substances.
Any substance that dissolves in water to form a solution that conducts electricity is called a(n) ________.
Any substance that dissolves in water to form a solution that conducts electricity is called a(n) ________.
The water molecule has what shape?
The water molecule has what shape?
The O-H bonds are polar in a water molecule.
The O-H bonds are polar in a water molecule.
The water molecule is not polar.
The water molecule is not polar.
Which of the following statements is true? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following statements is true? (Select all that apply)
The interaction between solute and solvent is called ______.
The interaction between solute and solvent is called ______.
When the solvent is water, the interaction between solute and solvent is called ______.
When the solvent is water, the interaction between solute and solvent is called ______.
Name three factors that affect the rate of solvation of a solid solute.
Name three factors that affect the rate of solvation of a solid solute.
The ______ the surface area, the ______ the solute will dissolve.
The ______ the surface area, the ______ the solute will dissolve.
Increasing the temperature (______/decreases) the rate a solute dissolves.
Increasing the temperature (______/decreases) the rate a solute dissolves.
What is solubility?
What is solubility?
A ______ solution is one that contains the maximum amount of solute per given amount of solvent at a given temperature.
A ______ solution is one that contains the maximum amount of solute per given amount of solvent at a given temperature.
A ________ solution contains more solute than it can theoretically hold at a given temperature.
A ________ solution contains more solute than it can theoretically hold at a given temperature.
Supersaturated solutions are stable.
Supersaturated solutions are stable.
Supersaturated solutions can be used to grow crystals.
Supersaturated solutions can be used to grow crystals.
Name three factors that affect solubility.
Name three factors that affect solubility.
A _______ solution contains a small amount of solute.
A _______ solution contains a small amount of solute.
A ______ solution contains a large amount of solute.
A ______ solution contains a large amount of solute.
Name three measures of concentration.
Name three measures of concentration.
The number of moles of solute dissolved in 1000 g of solvent is called ______.
The number of moles of solute dissolved in 1000 g of solvent is called ______.
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Study Notes
Solutions Overview
- A solution is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances in a single physical state.
- A solution is not heterogeneous, as its particles are evenly distributed.
Components of Solutions
- The substance that dissolves is called the solute.
- The substance that does the dissolving is known as the solvent.
Types of Solutions
- Solutions can be classified into three categories: solid, liquid, and gaseous.
- Types of solid solutions include gas dissolved in liquid, liquid dissolved in solid, and solid dissolved in solid.
Examples of Solutions
- Gas dissolved in a solid: charcoal filter.
- Liquid dissolved in a solid: dental filling.
- Solid dissolved in a solid: metal alloy.
- Soda is a gas dissolved in a liquid.
- Antifreeze is a liquid dissolved in a liquid.
- Salt water is a solid dissolved in a liquid.
Properties of Gaseous Solutions
- All mixtures of gases are considered solutions, as components diffuse uniformly in their container.
- The properties of gaseous solutions depend on the individual properties of each gas component.
Liquid Solutions
- Three types of liquid solutions include:
- Gas dissolved in a liquid.
- Liquid dissolved in a liquid.
- Solid dissolved in a liquid.
Miscibility and Solvation
- Two liquids that mix in any proportions are labeled miscible.
- Two liquids that do not mix are termed immiscible.
- Water is called the universal solvent due to its ability to form solutions with many substances.
- An electrolyte is a substance that dissolves in water and conducts electricity.
- The interaction between solute and solvent is referred to as solvation; in water, it’s called hydration.
Factors Affecting Solvation
- The rate of solvation for a solid solute is influenced by:
- Surface area.
- Stirring.
- Temperature.
- A greater surface area results in a faster dissolution of the solute.
- Increasing temperature speeds up solute dissolution.
Solubility Concepts
- Solubility is defined as the amount of solute that dissolves in a given amount of solvent under specified conditions.
- A saturated solution contains the maximum solute amount that can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature.
- A supersaturated solution holds more solute than it can theoretically dissolve at a certain temperature and can be used to grow crystals.
Concentration of Solutions
- Factors influencing solubility include the nature of both solute and solvent, temperature, and pressure.
- A dilute solution contains a small quantity of solute, while a concentrated solution has a large amount.
- Molarity, molality, and mole fraction are measures of concentration.
- Molality is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1000 g of solvent.
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