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Questions and Answers
What determines whether a solute can dissolve in a solvent?
Which statement about a concentrated solution is true?
What is a saturated solution?
Which of the following is a physical change?
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What happens to the solubility of most solutes when the temperature increases?
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A solution is formed when one substance dissolves and mixes fully with another, where the liquid is called the ______.
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A ______ solution is created when a large amount of solute is dissolved in a small amount of solvent.
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If a solution cannot dissolve any more solute, it is referred to as a ______ solution.
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A change in appearance without altering the chemical structure is known as a ______ change.
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The ______ of a substance is the ability to dissolve in a solvent.
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Study Notes
Solutions
- A solution is a special type of mixture where one substance (solute) dissolves completely into another (solvent).
- All solutions are transparent.
- Dissolving requires two substances: a solute and a solvent.
- Melting involves only one substance.
- The mass of the solution is equal to the combined mass of the solvent and solute.
- This indicates that mass is conserved in the dissolving process, meaning it is not lost.
Solubility
- Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve.
- Not all salts can dissolve in water.
- Temperature affects solubility: generally, the solubility of most solutes increases as the temperature increases.
Types of Solutions
- A dilute solution contains a small amount of solute dissolved in a large amount of solvent.
- A concentrated solution has a higher amount of solute dissolved in the solvent.
- More particles of the solute are dissolved in a concentrated solution than a dilute solution.
- Soluble substances can dissolve in a solvent.
- Insoluble substances cannot dissolve in a solvent.
- A saturated solution is where the maximum amount of solute has dissolved in the solvent, and no more can be dissolved.
Changes
- A physical change alters the appearance of a substance, while its chemical composition remains the same.
- A chemical change results in a change in the chemical composition of a substance.
- Dissolving is a physical change.
Additional Facts
- Carbon dioxide is often considered the solute in certain mixtures.
- Mass can neither be created nor destroyed.
Solutions
- A solution is a special type of mixture where one substance (solute) dissolves and mixes fully with another (solvent).
- Solutions are always transparent, meaning you can see through them.
- The mass of the solution is equal to the total mass of the solvent and the solute; mass is conserved during dissolving.
- Dissolving is a physical change, impacting appearance but not the chemical structure of the substance.
- Solubility refers to the ability of a substance to dissolve.
Types of Solutions
- A dilute solution contains a small amount of solute in a large amount of solvent.
- A concentrated solution contains the right amount of solute, implying more solute particles are dissolved compared to a dilute solution.
- A saturated solution is where no more solute can dissolve in the solvent.
Key Concepts
- The mass of the solute plus the mass of the solvent equals the mass of the solution.
- Not all salts dissolve in water.
- Solubility increases as temperature increases for most solutes.
Key Terms
- Solvent: Typically a liquid, it dissolves the solute.
- Solute: Usually a solid, it dissolves in the solvent.
- Opaque: The opposite of transparent, you cannot see through opaque substances.
- Soluble: A substance that can dissolve in a solvent.
- Insoluble: A substance that cannot dissolve in a solvent.
- Concentrated: A solution with a high amount of solute.
- Dilute: A solution with a low amount of solute.
- Saturated: A solution where no more solute can dissolve.
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Description
This quiz covers the concepts of solutions and solubility, including definitions, characteristics, and types of solutions. You'll explore how temperature affects solubility and the conservation of mass in dissolving processes. Test your understanding of these foundational chemistry principles.
