Podcast
Questions and Answers
What determines whether a solute can dissolve in a solvent?
What determines whether a solute can dissolve in a solvent?
- The size of the solute particles
- The physical state of the solute
- The solubility of the solute in the solvent (correct)
- The temperature of the solvent
Which statement about a concentrated solution is true?
Which statement about a concentrated solution is true?
- It has a small amount of solute compared to solvent
- It cannot exist without heat
- It is always transparent
- It contains a larger amount of dissolved solute (correct)
What is a saturated solution?
What is a saturated solution?
- A solution that is opaque in appearance
- A solution that has equal amounts of solute and solvent
- A solution where no more solute can dissolve (correct)
- A solution that can still dissolve more solute
Which of the following is a physical change?
Which of the following is a physical change?
What happens to the solubility of most solutes when the temperature increases?
What happens to the solubility of most solutes when the temperature increases?
A solution is formed when one substance dissolves and mixes fully with another, where the liquid is called the ______.
A solution is formed when one substance dissolves and mixes fully with another, where the liquid is called the ______.
A ______ solution is created when a large amount of solute is dissolved in a small amount of solvent.
A ______ solution is created when a large amount of solute is dissolved in a small amount of solvent.
If a solution cannot dissolve any more solute, it is referred to as a ______ solution.
If a solution cannot dissolve any more solute, it is referred to as a ______ solution.
A change in appearance without altering the chemical structure is known as a ______ change.
A change in appearance without altering the chemical structure is known as a ______ change.
The ______ of a substance is the ability to dissolve in a solvent.
The ______ of a substance is the ability to dissolve in a solvent.
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Study Notes
Solutions
- A solution is a special type of mixture where one substance (solute) dissolves completely into another (solvent).
- All solutions are transparent.
- Dissolving requires two substances: a solute and a solvent.
- Melting involves only one substance.
- The mass of the solution is equal to the combined mass of the solvent and solute.
- This indicates that mass is conserved in the dissolving process, meaning it is not lost.
Solubility
- Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve.
- Not all salts can dissolve in water.
- Temperature affects solubility: generally, the solubility of most solutes increases as the temperature increases.
Types of Solutions
- A dilute solution contains a small amount of solute dissolved in a large amount of solvent.
- A concentrated solution has a higher amount of solute dissolved in the solvent.
- More particles of the solute are dissolved in a concentrated solution than a dilute solution.
- Soluble substances can dissolve in a solvent.
- Insoluble substances cannot dissolve in a solvent.
- A saturated solution is where the maximum amount of solute has dissolved in the solvent, and no more can be dissolved.
Changes
- A physical change alters the appearance of a substance, while its chemical composition remains the same.
- A chemical change results in a change in the chemical composition of a substance.
- Dissolving is a physical change.
Additional Facts
- Carbon dioxide is often considered the solute in certain mixtures.
- Mass can neither be created nor destroyed.
Solutions
- A solution is a special type of mixture where one substance (solute) dissolves and mixes fully with another (solvent).
- Solutions are always transparent, meaning you can see through them.
- The mass of the solution is equal to the total mass of the solvent and the solute; mass is conserved during dissolving.
- Dissolving is a physical change, impacting appearance but not the chemical structure of the substance.
- Solubility refers to the ability of a substance to dissolve.
Types of Solutions
- A dilute solution contains a small amount of solute in a large amount of solvent.
- A concentrated solution contains the right amount of solute, implying more solute particles are dissolved compared to a dilute solution.
- A saturated solution is where no more solute can dissolve in the solvent.
Key Concepts
- The mass of the solute plus the mass of the solvent equals the mass of the solution.
- Not all salts dissolve in water.
- Solubility increases as temperature increases for most solutes.
Key Terms
- Solvent: Typically a liquid, it dissolves the solute.
- Solute: Usually a solid, it dissolves in the solvent.
- Opaque: The opposite of transparent, you cannot see through opaque substances.
- Soluble: A substance that can dissolve in a solvent.
- Insoluble: A substance that cannot dissolve in a solvent.
- Concentrated: A solution with a high amount of solute.
- Dilute: A solution with a low amount of solute.
- Saturated: A solution where no more solute can dissolve.
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