Chemistry Review: Concepts and Properties
24 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are the three main types of hazard symbols used in the Hazardous Household Product Symbols system?

  • Danger, Warning, Caution (correct)
  • Poisonous, Flammable, Explosive
  • Poisonous, Flammable, Corrosive
  • Danger, Warning, Corrossive

    • What are two pieces of evidence that a substance has undergone a physical change?

    Change in state (solid, liquid, gas) or dissolving (change in state to aqueous)

    What are five pieces of evidence that a substance has undergone a chemical change?

    Change in color, change in odor, formation of precipitate (solid), formation of gas (bubbles), and emits energy (heat/light)

    The boiling point of a substance is a chemical property.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a pure substance?

    <p>Air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following scientists with their respective models of the atom:

    <p>Dalton = Billiard Ball Model J.J. Thompson = Raisin Bun Model Rutherford = Rutherford Model Bohr = Solar System Model De Broglie and Schrödinger = Quantum Mechanical Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main subatomic particles that make up an atom?

    <p>Protons, neutrons, and electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The number of protons in an atom is referred to as its ______.

    <p>Atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do atoms form ions?

    <p>Atoms form ions to achieve a stable electron configuration, typically by gaining or losing electrons to achieve a full outer shell (valence).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of electrons.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a polyatomic ion?

    <p>Sulfate ion (SO4 2-)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main types of chemical compounds?

    <p>Ionic compounds and molecular compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of ionic compounds?

    <p>They conduct electricity in solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main rule to remember when writing the formula for an ionic compound?

    <p>Balance the charges of the cation and anion to ensure the overall charge of the compound is neutral.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the compound with the formula FeCl3?

    <p>Iron (III) Chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Polyatomic ions are formed by the combination of two or more non-metals.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Molecular compounds are typically formed by the combination of a metal and a non-metal.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the rules for naming binary molecular compounds?

    <p>The name of the more electronegative element is written first, followed by the name of the less electronegative element with the suffix '-ide'. Prefixes such as 'mono-, di-, tri-' are used to indicate the number of each element in the compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many atoms are present in one molecule of the compound PCl5?

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a diatomic element?

    <p>Oxygen (O2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main properties of ionic compounds?

    <p>Ionic compounds generally have high melting points, conduct electricity in solutions, form a crystal lattice structure, are solid at room temperature, and have varying solubility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these statements is TRUE about molecular compounds?

    <p>Molecular compounds have low melting points compared to ionic compounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between acids and bases?

    <p>Acids turn blue litmus red, and bases turn red litmus blue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you write the formula for a base?

    <p>You can generally write the formula for a base by starting with the metal cation followed by the hydroxide ion (OH-), balancing the charges to ensure a neutral compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chemistry Review

    • This review covers various chemistry topics, including theory, the periodic table, compounds, and chemical reactions.

    Section 1 - The Theory

    • WHMIS: A system for classifying hazardous household products using symbols.
    • SDS (Safety Data Sheets): Documents providing detailed information on chemical hazards, first aid, storage, and properties.
    • Physical Properties vs. Chemical Properties: Physical properties describe a substance's appearance (like color, melting point), while chemical properties describe its reactivity (like flammability).
    • Physical Change vs. Chemical Change: A physical change alters a substance's appearance but not its composition. A chemical change alters the substance's composition.
    • Classification of Matter: Different ways to classify matter (like mixtures, elements, compounds, solutions, etc.)
    • Early Ideas of Matter: Historical models of atoms (like the billiard ball model, raisin bun model, etc.) and their evolution.

    Section 2 – Using our Periodic Table

    • Periodic Table: A table organizing elements based on atomic structure and properties.
    • Structure and Subatomic Particles: Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
    • Formation of Ions: Atoms gaining or losing electrons to become positively or negatively charged ions.
    • Labeling aspects of the Periodic Table: Groups (vertical columns), periods (horizontal rows), alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, noble gases.

    Section 3 – Compounds

    • Ionic and Molecular Compounds: Formation and properties of compounds.
    • Multivalent Elements: Elements with variable charges.
    • Polyatomic Ions: Ions composed of multiple atoms. Properties of ionic and molecular compounds.
    • Solubility Table: A table showing the solubility of various compounds.
    • Acids and Bases: Properties of acidic and basic solutions, including their pH, litmus test results, and taste.

    Section 4 - All About Reactions

    • Chemical Reactions: Processes where substances are transformed into new substances.
    • Writing Chemical Reactions: Representation of chemical reactions using balanced chemical equations.
    • Types of Chemical Reactions: Different categories of chemical reactions (like synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, combustion). Energy changes during chemical reactions (exothermic and endothermic reactions). Conservation of mass and balancing chemical equations.

    Section 5 - Some Math...

    • Molar Mass: Calculation of the mass of one mole of a substance using periodic table data.
    • Moles: The amount of a substance that contains the same number of particles as there are atoms in 12g of Carbon-12.
    • Mass: Calculation of the mass using molar mass and the number of moles.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Chemistry Review 2022 PDF

    Description

    This quiz reviews essential chemistry concepts including the theory behind chemical classifications, physical and chemical properties, and changes. Delve into key topics such as the periodic table and the classification of matter. Test your understanding of historical models of atoms and safety protocols in chemistry.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser