Chemistry Quiz: Elements and Their Properties

False (B)

Atom

<p>He</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen = H Boron = B Calcium = Ca Oxygen = O</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protons and Neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>valence shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proton = Subatomic particle with a positive charge Electron = Subatomic particle with a negative charge Mass Number = Total number of protons and neutrons in an atom Atomic Number = Number of protons in an atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seivert (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>35.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RMM</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metallic bonding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>a metal, compound, or molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Covalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metallic bonding = Occurs in metals with a sea of mobile electrons Ionic bonding = Occurs between metals and nonmetals Covalent bonding = Formed between nonmetals or metalloids and nonmetals Electrovalent bonding = Another term for ionic bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionic Bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metals lose valence shell electrons to form cations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>O</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Certain groups of 3 elements have similar chemical properties. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cobalt-60</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>γ-rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uranium-235 = To generate electricity Plutonium-238 = To power heart pacemakers Carbon-14 = To calculate age of fossils Iodine-131 = To treat thyroid problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus.

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

Areas of likely electron location around the nucleus.

Positively charged subatomic particle in the nucleus.

Vertical column of elements in the periodic table, similar electron valence.

The smallest part of an element that retains its properties.

A pure substance made of one type of atom.

H

He

Li

The formation of a chemical bond between two or more atoms, which holds them together in a molecule, compound, or metal.

There are three main types of bonding: metallic, ionic (electrovalent), and covalent.

Occurs only between metal atoms, where a 'sea' of mobile electrons holds the positively charged atoms together.

Occurs between nonmetals, or between a metalloid and a nonmetal, to form a molecule.

Occurs between a metal and a nonmetal, involving the transfer of electrons.

A mass spectrometer measures the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. It's like a scale for atoms and molecules, helping us understand their composition.

The Sievert (Sv) is the unit of measurement for radiation dose. It tells us how much energy from radiation is absorbed by the body.

RAM (Relative Atomic Mass) is the average mass of an element compared to carbon-12. It tells us how much one atom of that element weighs.

RMM (Relative Molecular Mass) is the average mass of a molecule compared to carbon-12. It's the sum of all the RAMs of atoms in the molecule.

Calculate RAM by weighting the abundance of isotopes of an element. Multiply the mass of each isotope by its percentage abundance, then add them together.

A substance made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together, in a fixed ratio. The result is a new substance with properties different from the original elements.

A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds. These bonds are strong enough that the molecule can exist as an independent unit.

Molecules that are composed of the same type of atom.

A scientific rule stating that groups of three elements with similar chemical properties have atomic masses that follow a pattern.

Johann Dobereiner identified a relationship between the atomic mass and chemical properties of elements. He organized elements into triads.

Atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers due to variations in the number of neutrons.

An isotope that undergoes radioactive decay, emitting radiation as its nucleus transitions to a more stable state.

Radioactive decay can release three main types of radiation: alpha particles (α), beta particles (β), and gamma rays (γ).