Chemistry Quiz: Acids, Bases, and Reactions

Characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's chemical composition. Examples include color, density, melting point, and boiling point.

Characteristics that describe how a substance reacts with other substances or changes its chemical composition. Examples include flammability, reactivity with acids, and the ability to rust.

A chemical change involving the rearrangement of atoms and molecules, resulting in the formation of new substances with different properties.

A gas that reacts with limewater (calcium hydroxide solution), turning it milky white due to the formation of calcium carbonate.

A gas that supports combustion and reacts with a glowing splint, causing it to relight. This is a key characteristic used to identify oxygen.

A compound formed by the reaction of iron and chlorine, with a 1:3 ratio of iron to chlorine atoms.

A chemical compound containing copper, sulfur, and oxygen, where copper has a +2 charge.

A binary molecule consisting of two hydrogen atoms bonded together.

A compound formed by the reaction of two nitrogen atoms and three iodine atoms.

A compound formed by the reaction of two phosphorus atoms and five oxygen atoms.

A chemical substance that turns blue litmus paper red, has a pH of 0-6, reacts with metals to produce hydrogen gas, and conducts electricity. Examples include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4).

A chemical substance that turns red litmus paper blue, has a pH of 8-14, feels slippery to the touch, and conducts electricity. Examples include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH).

The process when an acid and a base react to produce water and a salt. For example, hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) react to form water (H2O) and sodium chloride (NaCl).

A measure of the acidity or basicity of a substance. A pH of 7 is neutral. Values below 7 are acidic, while values above 7 are basic.

Substances that neutralize stomach acid, typically used to relieve heartburn or indigestion. Examples include calcium carbonate (CaCO3) found in TUMS and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) found in Milk of Magnesia.

The reaction between an acid and a base, where the acid's hydrogen ions (H+) react with the base's hydroxide ions (OH-), forming water (H2O) and a salt.

The difference in acidity represented by each unit on the pH scale is tenfold. This means a pH of 6 is ten times more acidic than a pH of 7, and a pH of 5 is ten times more acidic than a pH of 6.

The interconnected system that regulates Earth's climate. This includes the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere.

Ontario's program to reduce air pollution, aiming to improve air quality and reduce smog.

A chemical reaction where a single reactant breaks down into two or more simpler products.

A chemical reaction where two or more reactants combine to form a single product.

A chemical reaction where a more reactive element replaces another element in a compound.

A chemical reaction where the positive and negative ions of two reactants switch places.

A chemical reaction where a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen, producing heat and light.

Atoms or ions that have the same number of electrons, despite having differing numbers of protons and neutrons.

It refers to a stable electronic configuration where the outermost electron shell is completely filled, making the atom less likely to react with other atoms. Noble gases have this configuration.

The process by which an atom gains or loses electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

A charged atom that has gained or lost electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

An atom with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This means they have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.