Chemistry Paper II Exam

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Download our mobile app to listen on the go

Get App

Questions and Answers

How does NH₃ form hydrogen bonds, but PH₃ does not?

Nitrogen is more electronegative than phosphorus. Therefore, N can form hydrogen bonds, but P cannot.

Explain the difference between 'order' and 'molecularity' of a reaction.

Molecularity refers to the number of molecules colliding simultaneously in an elementary reaction, while order is an experimentally determined value describing how the rate of reaction depends on reactant concentrations.

Briefly outline the extraction of zinc from zinc blende.

Zinc blende (ZnS) is roasted in air to convert it to ZnO. The ZnO is then reduced with carbon (coke) at high temperatures to obtain zinc metal.

Define isotonic solutions and explain their significance in biological systems.

Isotonic solutions have the same osmotic pressure. They are crucial in biological systems to prevent cell swelling or shrinking due to water movement. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Ziegler-Natta catalyst and what is its primary use?

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst is a catalyst typically based on titanium compounds used to polymerize alkenes. Its primary use is in the production of polymers such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Signup and view all the answers

Explain what metallic corrosion is and give one example.

Metallic corrosion is the degradation of a metal due to chemical reactions with its environment. An example is the rusting of iron, where iron reacts with oxygen and water to form iron oxide. Signup and view all the answers

What are enantiomers? How do they differ?

Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other. They differ in their ability to rotate plane-polarized light and may have different biological activities. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the terms 'gangue' and 'slag' in metallurgy.

<code>Gangue</code> refers to the unwanted rocky or earthy matter mixed with the ore. <code>Slag</code> is the fusible product formed when gangue reacts with a flux during smelting, which is then separated from the molten metal. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the formation of micelles in aqueous solution.

Micelles form when amphipathic molecules aggregate in water. The hydrophobic tails cluster together in the interior, while the hydrophilic heads face the water, creating a spherical structure. Signup and view all the answers

Write the IUPAC names for (i) CH3(CH2)2NH2 and (ii) (CH3CH2)2NCH₃, and classify each as primary, secondary, or tertiary amine.

(i) Butan-1-amine (primary amine), (ii) N-ethyl-N-methylethanamine (tertiary amine). Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are isotonic solutions?

Solutions having the same osmotic pressure are isotonic.

What are gangue and slag?

Gangue is the earthy impurities associated with ores and Slag is a byproduct of metal extraction.

What are food preservatives?

Food preservatives prevent spoilage using methods such as inhibition of microbial growth or enzymatic activity