Chemistry of Water Quiz

75%

H₂O

Ice

<p>0 degrees Celsius</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>100 degrees Celsius</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polar covalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>104.5 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cohesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adhesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surface tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their weight is not enough to penetrate the surface due to the surface tension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The high surface tension of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cohesive forces of the surface layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The surface tension of water bridges the pores of the material, preventing rain from dripping through.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disinfectants reduce surface tension, which allows them to spread out over surfaces and disrupt bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They reduce the surface tension of water, allowing water to penetrate the fibers and loosen dirt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because it has lower surface tension and better wetting ability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The surface tension of water provides the necessary wall tension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capillary action</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water molecules are more strongly attracted to glass due to its polarity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It aids in the movement of water and nutrients from the roots to the upper parts of the plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its high specific heat and high heat of vaporization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It refers to the amount of energy to change the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They absorb and release heat, minimizing temperature changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps moderate temperatures, keeping the environment relatively stable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps maintain a stable body temperature by removing excess heat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its energy requirement to break hydrogen bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They prevent drastic environmental changes, allowing life to thrive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its lower density compared to liquid water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ice insulates the water below.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its polarity allows it to dissolve many substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They form hydration shells around ions, maintaining particle separation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They react violently and explosively, displacing hydrogen gas and forming hydroxide ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A basic or alkaline solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They also form hydroxides and hydrogen gas, but the reactions are generally less violent than with alkali metals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beryllium (Be)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both produce hydroxides, but alkaline earth metals react with water to form hydroxide salts whereas the alkali metal oxides react with water to produce metal hydroxides, which are more soluble than the salts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quicklime</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They produce metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The formation of a protective oxide layer on their surface prevents further reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They generally do not react with water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is sprayed as a protective layer on the cans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They form metal hydroxides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxoacids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They form halides and hypohalides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They react to form a halides, hypohalides, and sometimes oxygen gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are odorless, colorless, nonflammable, and have low reactivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have little tendency to gain or lose electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water is composed of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cohesion is the attraction between like molecules, in this case, between water molecules. Cohesion causes water molecules to stick together tightly, which explains why water forms droplets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adhesion is the attraction between unlike molecules. In the case of water, when water molecules are close to other surfaces, such as glass, the water molecules are attracted to the surface. Adhesion helps to explain why water will climb up the inside of a glass tube.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water is a polar molecule because the oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, which means that the electrons in the molecule are not shared evenly. This uneven sharing of electrons results in the oxygen atom having a partial negative charge and the hydrogen atoms having a partial positive charge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some of the properties of water include surface tension, cohesion, adhesion, high specific heat, high heat of vaporization, universal solvent, and less dense in solid state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surface tension is the force that causes the surface of a liquid to behave as if it were a stretched elastic membrane. The force of surface tension results from the attraction between the molecules of the liquid. Some examples include water striders walking on water, paper clips floating on water, and droplets of water forming spherical shapes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capillary action plays a crucial role in nutrient transport in plants and it is a key factor in the movement of water through many natural systems, such as the soil and the human body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High specific heat makes water an effective temperature regulator, protecting organisms from extreme temperature changes. High specific heat helps to moderate the climate, making the Earth more hospitable for life. High specific heat plays an important role in many industrial processes, such as in cooling systems and power plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice floats because it is less dense than liquid water, which is due to the arrangement of water molecules in ice, forming a crystalline structure with more empty space. The top part of lakes only freeze because the ice acts as an insulating layer, preventing the water below from freezing.</p> Signup and view all the answers