Chemistry of Water and Soil: Importance and Uses
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of the coagulation/flocculation process in conventional water treatment?

  • To disinfect the raw water and kill any germs
  • To filter out microscopic impurities from the water
  • To remove the heavy flocs that settle at the bottom of the tanks
  • To remove dissolved minerals and dirt from the raw water (correct)

What is the main purpose of the sedimentation step in conventional water treatment?

  • To disinfect the water by injecting it with chlorine gas
  • To remove the flocs that float to the top of the settling basins
  • To remove the heavy flocs that sink to the bottom of the settling basins (correct)
  • To filter out microscopic impurities from the water

Which type of water source is not mentioned in the text as a source for conventional water treatment?

  • Rainwater
  • Underground water from shallow and deep springs and wells
  • Surface water from streams and rivers
  • Wastewater from industrial processes (correct)

What is the purpose of the final disinfection/chlorination step in conventional water treatment?

<p>To kill any microbes or germs that may still be present in the water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of dissolved impurity in natural waters according to the text?

<p>Suspended solids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between hard water and soft water as described in the text?

<p>Hard water produces a lot of lather with soap, while soft water produces very little lather (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of desalination?

<p>To remove salts from seawater or brackish water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is used in modern reverse-osmosis facilities for desalination?

<p>Hollow fibers as semipermeable membranes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of seawater needed to produce one gallon of freshwater through reverse osmosis?

<p>2:1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of water in industry?

<p>Cooling and manufacturing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of water treatment processes in a water supply system?

<p>To purify raw water to meet potable water standards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle behind the reverse osmosis process?

<p>Applying external pressure to force solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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