Chemistry: Metals and Reactions

Chemistry (All)

• Metals like gold and platinum can be found in their natural state.
• Other metals exist in compounds like oxides, sulfides, and carbonates.
• Extracting metals involves separating the metal from the ore.
• Some metals like gold can be separated physically—for example via panning.
• Unreactive metals (like silver, mercury, platinum) can be extracted by heating their oxides—which releases oxygen.
• Heating metal oxide with carbon removes oxygen—carbon is the reducing agent in these cases.
• Aluminium extraction involves melting the purified ore.
• Cryolite is used to lower the melting point for aluminium extraction.
• Metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides.
• Different metals have different reactions with oxygen—displaying different colors and intensity.
• Metals react with cold water to produce metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas.
• Reactivity to water increases from calcium to sodium to potassium.
• Metals such as magnesium, aluminium, zinc, and iron do not react with cold water, but steam will react with them.
• Less reactive metals like gold, silver, lead, copper, mercury etc. do not react with cold water or steam.
• More reactive metals can displace less reactive metals from their compounds.
• Metals react with acids to create metal salts and hydrogen gas.
• Corrosion is the reaction of a metal with oxygen, water, or other environmental substances.
• Corrosion weakens metals.
• Rusting needs oxygen and water for iron to rust.
• Iron rusts when exposed to oxygen and water.
• Specific indicators can be used to detect the presence of certain compounds like iron oxides.
• Air can be purified through liquefaction and fractional distillation.
• Various tests (such as glowing splint) are used to identify different gases in the air.
• Water accounts for 70% of the Earth’s surface, while saltwater makes up 97%.
• Seawater is approximately 3.5% salt, with sodium chloride being the primary component.
• Solutions are formed by dissolving a solute in a solvent.
• Solutions can be dilute or concentrated.
• Extracting salt involves techniques like filtration.
• Elements are often composed of two or more simpler substances, a compound.
• Different laboratory apparatus can be used to perform experiments on different elements and compounds.
• Flame tests are used to identify metals by observing the flame color.
• Hydrochloric acid is used for a preparation step in flame tests.
• Different chemicals are used to test specific elements.
• Limestone, chalk, and marble are composed of calcium carbonate.
• Limestone is a common building material that is relatively cheap and hard.
• Chemical weathering involves the breaking down of rocks by chemical reactions, such as the formation of carbonic acid.
• Limestone reacts with carbonic acid, slowly breaking it down.

Explore the fascinating world of metals and their reactions in this comprehensive quiz. Understand how metals such as gold, platinum, and aluminium are extracted and their behaviors in chemical reactions. Test your knowledge on the properties and reactivity of different metals with oxygen and water.