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Questions and Answers
What is matter?
What is matter?
Anything that occupies space and has mass.
Which of the following are forms of matter?
Which of the following are forms of matter?
- Liquid (correct)
- Gas (correct)
- Energy
- Solid (correct)
Which of the following are types of pure substances?
Which of the following are types of pure substances?
- Compound (correct)
- Element (correct)
- Mixture
- Homogeneous
What is an atom?
What is an atom?
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A ______ is composed of two or more different elements held together by chemical bonds.
A ______ is composed of two or more different elements held together by chemical bonds.
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A pure substance can be broken down into simpler substances.
A pure substance can be broken down into simpler substances.
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What describes a chemical property?
What describes a chemical property?
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What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
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What is kinetic energy?
What is kinetic energy?
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Energy can be created and destroyed.
Energy can be created and destroyed.
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Study Notes
Matter
- Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.
- The fundamental building block of matter is the atom.
- Matter can be classified into elements and compounds.
- Elements are the basic building blocks of matter, while compounds are formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded.
- Organic compounds contain carbon bonded with other elements, while inorganic compounds are all other compounds.
- Atoms can combine to form molecules.
- Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.
- Solids have fixed locations and closely packed particles.
- Liquids have closely packed particles that can move freely.
- Gases have particles with large distances between them and free movement.
- Matter can be classified into pure substances and mixtures.
- Pure substances have only one type of atom or molecule, while mixtures have two or more different types of atoms or molecules.
- Mixtures can be homogeneous (uniform composition) or heterogeneous (varied composition).
Distinguishing Matter
- We use physical properties (properties displayed without changing composition) and chemical properties (properties that require composition change) to differentiate matter.
- Physical changes alter appearance without changing composition, while chemical changes involve changes in composition.
- Chemical changes occur through chemical reactions where reactants become products.
- The Law of Conservation of Matter states that matter is neither created nor destroyed during ordinary chemical reactions.
Energy
- Energy is the capacity to do work, which is the result of a force acting over a distance.
- There are two types of energy: potential energy (energy due to position or composition) and kinetic energy (energy due to motion).
- Total energy is the sum of potential and kinetic energy.
- The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
- Some examples of energy transformations include converting potential energy in a dam to kinetic energy in flowing water, or chemical energy in gasoline to kinetic energy in a car.
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