Questions and Answers
What is a charged atom called?
What is the definition of an anion?
Negatively charged atom
What is the definition of a cation?
Positively charged atom
What type of ion is fluorine?
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What type of ion is potassium?
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What type of ion is chlorine?
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What type of ion is magnesium?
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What type of ion is calcium?
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What type of ion is sodium?
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What type of ion is oxygen?
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Metals tend to ______ electrons to become positive.
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Nonmetals tend to ______ electrons to become negative.
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Noble gases are chemically unstable and want to gain or lose electrons.
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What is the Octet Rule?
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What are valence electrons?
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What is an ionic bond?
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What is a covalent bond?
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What is the electron configuration for an atom with 1 valence electron?
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What is the electron configuration for an atom with 2 valence electrons?
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What is the electron configuration for an atom with 3 valence electrons?
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What is the electron configuration for an atom with 4 valence electrons?
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What is the electron configuration for an atom with 5 valence electrons?
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What is the electron configuration for an atom with 6 valence electrons?
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What is the electron configuration for an atom with 7 valence electrons?
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Study Notes
Ion Definitions
- Ion: A charged atom resulting from the loss or gain of electrons.
- Anion: A negatively charged ion formed when an atom gains electrons.
- Cation: A positively charged ion formed when an atom loses electrons.
Specific Ions
- Fluorine (F⁻): An anion known for gaining one electron.
- Potassium (K⁺): A cation that forms by losing one electron.
- Chlorine (Cl⁻): An anion formed by gaining one electron.
- Magnesium (Mg²⁺): A cation that loses two electrons.
- Calcium (Ca²⁺): A cation that also loses two electrons.
- Sodium (Na⁺): A cation that loses one electron.
- Oxygen (O²⁻): An anion that gains two electrons.
General Concepts
- Metals typically give away electrons to form cations.
- Nonmetals tend to gain electrons, resulting in anions.
- Noble gases are chemically stable, preferring not to gain or lose electrons.
Chemical Rules and Principles
- Octet Rule: Atoms aim to have eight valence electrons for stability.
- Valence Electrons: Electrons located in the outermost shell of an atom.
Bonding Types
- Ionic Bond: A connection formed through the transfer of electrons between atoms.
- Covalent Bond: A connection formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.
Electron Configuration Examples
- Atoms exhibit specific electron configurations based on their valence electrons:
- 1 valence electron: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹
- 2 valence electrons: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²
- 3 valence electrons: 1s²2s²2p¹
- 4 valence electrons: 1s²2s²2p²
- 5 valence electrons: 1s²2s²2p³
- 6 valence electrons: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁴
- 7 valence electrons: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁵
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Description
Test your knowledge of ions in chemistry with this flashcard quiz. Learn about the definitions of ions, anions, and cations, and explore their properties and roles. Perfect for students brushing up on basic chemistry concepts.
