Questions and Answers
What is the most accurate method of measuring pH?
pH meter
How do acids tend to taste?
sour
Water molecules have two hydrogen atoms and one what?
oxygen atom
How do alkalis tend to taste?
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What is a solution that has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ions?
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When a solution has an equal number of hydrogen and hydroxide ions, the solution is considered neutral.
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A pH of 5 is how many times more acidic than a pH of 6?
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Values below 7 indicate more alkalinity.
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What can rinses, which affect mostly the surface of the hair, do if allowed to build up on the hair?
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In a product label listing water, cetyl alcohol, tocopherol, and panthenol, which ingredient would be found to have the largest amount?
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Which conditioner will penetrate into the damaged hair shaft and deposit proteins into the cortex?
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What does it indicate if the instructions on a product state to shake well before use?
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Using a conditioner would help achieve all of the following except:
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Which conditioners contain a vegetable protein and are acidic, causing the cuticle to close after an alkaline chemical service?
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In the process of making instant hot cocoa, what does the dry cocoa represent?
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What are mixtures of organic substances and a medicinal agent called?
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What ingredient found in conditioners makes hair easier to comb and control static?
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Which of the following shampoos would not be used for chemically treated or damaged hair?
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What is an example of an oil in water emulsion?
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What type of rinse is used to control minor dandruff and scalp conditions?
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What does the manufacturer provide that is the best source of specific information about a product?
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What product adheres to the hair shaft, even after ordinary rinsing, leaving hair easier to comb and handle?
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Study Notes
pH Measurement and Properties
- The most accurate method for measuring pH is a pH meter, essential for precise acidity or alkalinity assessments.
- Acids are characterized by a sour taste, commonly found in foods like lemons.
- Alkalis, on the other hand, typically have a bitter taste, present in substances such as baking soda.
- A solution is classified as acidic if it has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ions.
- When a solution has an equal concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide ions, it is considered neutral.
pH Scale Insights
- A pH of 5 is ten times more acidic than a pH of 6 due to the logarithmic nature of the pH scale.
- Any claim stating that values below 7 indicate greater alkalinity is false; values below 7 signify increasing acidity.
Hair Care Products and Their Properties
- Rinses primarily affect the hair's surface and can be harmful if they accumulate on the hair over time.
- In a product formulation, water is typically the most abundant ingredient.
- Body-building conditioners are formulated to penetrate damaged hair shafts and deposit proteins into the cortex, enhancing hair strength.
- A product requiring shaking before use indicates that it is a suspension, which combines ingredients that may separate without agitation.
Efficacy of Conditioners
- Conditioners assist with various aspects of hair management but do not promote new hair growth.
- Normalizing conditioners, containing vegetable proteins, help close the cuticle after alkaline chemical treatments.
Chemistry in Daily Products
- In the context of making instant hot cocoa, the dry cocoa acts as the solute, which is dissolved in liquid.
- Ointments consist of mixtures of organic substances and medicinal agents, commonly used for therapeutic purposes.
- Ingredients like amines/quats in conditioners make hair easier to comb and help control static electricity.
Shampoo and Rinse Applications
- Plain shampoos are not suitable for chemically treated or damaged hair as they lack the necessary protective properties.
- An example of an oil-in-water emulsion is a perm solution, which combines oil and water to achieve specific results.
- Medicated rinses are formulated to manage minor dandruff and scalp conditions effectively.
Product Information Resources
- The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) is the best source of comprehensive information about a product's properties and safety considerations.
- Cream rinses adhere to the hair shaft even after rinsing, facilitating easier combing and manageability of hair.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key chemistry concepts with these flashcards. This quiz covers essential terms related to acids, bases, and measurements such as pH. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of chemistry fundamentals.
