Questions and Answers
What is the electron arrangement for aluminum?
Which of the following substances contains a nonpolar covalent bond?
Which one of the following compounds contains an ion with a 3+ charge?
What is the correct formula for the oxide ion?
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The number of neutrons in an atom is equal to ____
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What is the symbol for the ion with 19 protons and 18 electrons?
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Which of the following polyatomic ions has a positive charge?
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In which of the following would the particles move most rapidly?
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How many pounds are in 3.5 kg?
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A doctor's order is 0.125 g of ampicillin. The liquid suspension on hand contains 250 mg/5.0 mL. How many milliliters of the suspension are required?
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In the sun, nuclei of hydrogen combine to form a larger nucleus and release a great amount of energy. The process is known as
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In an electron-dot symbol of an element, the dots are used to represent
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The energy stored in molecules is
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What is the formula of carbon tetraiodide?
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The number of electrons in the outer energy level of a neutral atom of boron is
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The formation of a gas resulting from the escape of high-energy particles from the surface of a liquid is known as
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The name of Al2(SO4)3 is
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What elements are in hydroxyapatite, Ca5(PO4)3OH, a major compound in human bones and teeth?
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The cubic centimeter has the same volume as
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Mercury has a specific gravity of 13.6. How many milliliters of mercury have a mass of 0.35 kg?
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According to the atomic theory,
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In 1895, lines were observed in the spectrum of uranium ore identical to those of helium in the spectrum of the sun. Which of the following produced the lines in the helium spectrum?
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An imaging technique in which a computer monitors the degree of absorption of X-ray beams is known as
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Which of the following measurements has three significant figures?
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Ca, P, K, Cl, S, Na, and Mg are called
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If the temperature is 20 degrees C, what is the corresponding temperature on the Fahrenheit scale?
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A deep sea tank contains helium, oxygen, and traces of other gases. Which of the following describes the gas in the scuba tank?
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The ionization energy of atoms
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When a solid is converted directly to a gas, the change of state is called
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A serving of fish contains 50 g protein and 4 g of fat. How many kcal are in the serving? Give answer to 2 significant figures.
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The ____ is used to measure the amount of radiation absorbed by a gram of material such as body tissues.
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Nitrogen-17 undergoes beta decay. What is the isotope produced in the radioactive decay?
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Which of the following properties of ethyl alcohol is a chemical property?
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An imaging technique that detects the energy absorbed by hydrogen atoms in a magnetic field is known as
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Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
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In which of the reactions is the omitted particle an alpha particle?
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Which of the following types of radiation has the largest quality factor when determining biological effects?
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Isotopes are:
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Which of the following energy units are typically found on nutrition labels in the USA?
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Which pair does not correctly match an element symbol to its full name?
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Express 3,280,000 in scientific notation.
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Convert 312 mg to kilograms.
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In which of the following diseases and injuries would an MRI be useful in diagnosis?
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Technetium-99m, with a half-life of 6 hours. If 100 mg of technetium-99m is prepped at 6 am, how many milligrams are still active at 6 pm?
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Study Notes
Electron Configuration and Ions
- Aluminum's electron arrangement is 2,8,3.
- The oxide ion formula is O²⁻, indicating it has gained two electrons.
- An ion with 19 protons and 18 electrons is represented as K⁺.
Bonding and Compounds
- N₂ contains a nonpolar covalent bond, unlike polar molecules such as NH₃ or H₂O.
- FeCl₃ contains an iron ion with a 3+ charge.
- Hydroxyapatite (Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH)) consists of calcium, phosphorus, oxygen, and hydrogen.
Measurement and Energy
- The specific gravity of mercury is 13.6; 0.35 kg corresponds to 26 mL.
- 50 g of protein and 4 g of fat in fish equals approximately 240 kcal.
- The energy stored in molecules is known as potential energy.
Changes of State
- Evaporation refers to gas formation from high-energy liquid particles.
- Sublimation is the transition from a solid directly to a gas.
Atomic Theory and Elements
- According to atomic theory, atoms are neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.
- Isotopes differ by the number of neutrons while retaining the same number of protons.
Radiation and Imaging Techniques
- CT scans detect X-ray beam absorption in a given material.
- An MRI focuses on energy absorbed by hydrogen atoms in a magnetic field.
- Gamma radiation has the largest quality factor, indicating a higher biological effect compared to alpha or beta particles.
Scientific Notation and Unit Conversions
- 3,280,000 is expressed as 3.28 x 10⁶ in scientific notation.
- 312 mg converts to 3.12 x 10⁻⁴ kg.
Significant Figures and Measurements
- A measurement such as 0.510 m contains three significant figures.
- Cubic centimeters and milliliters are equivalent in volume.
Mixtures and Compounds
- Homogeneous mixtures, like gases in scuba tanks, are uniform in composition, whereas heterogeneous mixtures, like noodle soup, show distinct parts.
Decay Processes
- Beta decay of nitrogen-17 produces the isotope oxygen-17 (17/8 O).
Medical Applications
- An MRI is useful for diagnosing brain injuries and other complex conditions.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering key concepts in chemistry. Questions include electron arrangements, types of bonds, and charges of ionic compounds, making it perfect for final exam preparation. Challenge yourself and solidify your understanding of the material!
