Questions and Answers
Which subatomic particle is negatively charged?
Which element has the greatest density at STP?
Tungsten
What is the mass number of a carbon atom that contains 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons?
14
Which element is a metalloid?
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Which substance can be decomposed by chemical means?
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An element that is malleable and a good conductor of heat and electricity could have an atomic number of?
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A 1.0 mole sample of krypton gas has a mass of?
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An atom of an element has a total of 12 electrons. An ion of the same element has a total of 10 electrons. Which statement describes the charge and radius of the ion?
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The compound XCl is classified as ionic if X represents the element?
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The chemical bonding in sodium phosphate Na3PO4 is classified as?
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Which element is composed of molecules that each contain a multiple covalent bond?
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Standard pressure is equal to?
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A large sample of solid calcium sulfate is crushed into smaller pieces for testing. Which two physical properties are the same for both the large sample and one of the smaller pieces?
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According to the kinetic molecular theory, the molecules of an ideal gas?
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At STP, which 2.0-gram sample of matter uniformly fills a 340 ml closed container?
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Compared to the freezing point and boiling point of water at 1 atm, a solution of salt and water at 1 atm has?
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Which compound is a saturated hydrocarbon?
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Which word equation represents a neutralization reaction?
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An aqueous solution of lithium hydroxide contains hydroxide ions as the ion in the solution. Lithium hydroxide is classified as an?
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One alternate acid-base theory states that an acid is an?
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A beta particle may be spontaneously emitted from?
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Magnesium and calcium have similar chemical properties because magnesium and calcium atoms have the same?
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What is the empirical formula for a compound with the molecular formula C6H12Cl2O2?
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A person with a body temperature of 37°C holds an ice cube with a temperature of 0°C in a room where the air temperature is 20°C. The direction of best flow is?
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What is the total mass of solute in 1000 grams of a solution having a concentration of 5 parts per million?
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Which sample of HCl contains the greatest number of moles of solute particles?
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Study Notes
Subatomic Particles and Elements
- Electron is the negatively charged subatomic particle.
- Tungsten exhibits the highest density among elements at standard temperature and pressure (STP).
Atomic Structure and Identification
- A carbon atom with 6 protons and 8 neutrons has a mass number of 14.
- Arsenic (As) is classified as a metalloid.
Decomposition and Chemical Properties
- Octane can be decomposed through chemical methods.
- An element with atomic number 29 is malleable and conducts heat and electricity well, identifying it as copper.
Gas Properties and Moles
- 1.0 mole sample of krypton gas has a mass of 84 grams.
- The chemical behavior of gases is guided by the kinetic molecular theory, stating that ideal gas molecules move randomly in constant, straight-line motion.
Ionic and Covalent Bonds
- If X represents Rubidium (Rb), the compound XCl is ionic.
- Sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) displays both covalent and ionic bonding characteristics.
- Nitrogen is an element that contains molecules with multiple covalent bonds.
Physical Properties and Changes
- Both solubility and density remain constant when solid calcium sulfate is crushed from large to smaller pieces.
- Lower freezing point and higher boiling point are observed for saltwater solutions compared to pure water at 1 atm.
Hydrocarbons and Reactions
- Propane represents a saturated hydrocarbon.
- A neutralization reaction can be represented as base + acid → salt + water.
Acids and Bases
- Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) is an Arrhenius base due to the presence of hydroxide ions in solution.
- An acid, according to one acid-base theory, is defined as a proton (H⁺) donor.
Radioactivity and Elements
- Beta particles are released spontaneously from unstable nuclei.
- Magnesium and calcium share similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons.
Empirical and Molecular Formulas
- The empirical formula for C6H12Cl2O2 is C3H6ClO.
Heat Transfer and Temperature
- In heat transfer scenarios, heat flows from a person with a body temperature of 37°C to an ice cube at 0°C, and from air at 20°C to the ice.
Solutions and Concentration
- In a solution with a concentration of 5 parts per million, the total mass of solute in 1000 grams is 0.005 grams.
- The greatest number of solute particles in HCl is found in a 2.0 L sample of 2.0 M HCl solution.
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Test your knowledge of chemistry with these flashcards! Each card presents a key concept, from subatomic particles to elemental characteristics. Perfect for reviewing for your final exam or enhancing your understanding of fundamental chemistry principles.
