Chemistry: Elements and Compounds
46 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following substances can be broken down into the elements mercury and oxygen by heat?

  • Sucrose
  • Gold
  • Iron
  • Mercury(II) oxide (correct)

    • What process is responsible for creating the characteristic sweet and nutty flavor in caramel apples?

  • Fermentation
  • Oxidation
  • Caramelization (correct)
  • Evaporation

    • Which compound is used in photographic films and photochromic eyeglasses due to its property of breaking down into silver and chlorine under light exposure?

  • Sulfur
  • Oxygen
  • Iron
  • Silver(I) chloride (correct)

    • What type of mixture is Italian dressing?

    <p>Heterogeneous mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element combines with hydrogen in a compound to form white crystalline sugar (sucrose)?

    <p>Carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a sports drink at a molecular level that makes it a homogeneous mixture?

    <p>Uniform composition of components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the earth's crust and atmosphere is made up of the eleven most common elements?

    <p>~90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes each compound from all other compounds?

    <p>Specific composition and properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an accurate definition of matter?

    <p>Anything that has mass and occupies space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a balloon when filled with gas, according to the text?

    <p>It inflates (increases its volume)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the volume of liquid and solid samples?

    <p>Their volumes are very nearly independent of pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a solid state of matter?

    <p>It is rigid and possesses a definite shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing factor between gases and plasmas?

    <p>Plasmas contain appreciable numbers of electrically charged particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In zero gravity, how do liquids behave according to the text?

    <p>They assume a spherical shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is a plasma naturally found, according to the text?

    <p>In the interiors of stars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes plasma from gases?

    <p>Gases have no charged particles whereas plasmas do</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe matter that appears to have properties of solids, liquids, and/or gases at the same time?

    <p>Mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What law summarizes that matter quantity remains constant during chemical changes or changes among solid, liquid, or gaseous states?

    <p>Law of Conservation of Matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an astronaut's weight on the moon compare to their weight on Earth?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category does sucrose (table sugar) belong to based on its constant composition and properties?

    <p>Pure substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which process do brewing beer and operating batteries provide examples of the conservation of matter?

    <p>Chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it challenging to provide evidence for the conservation of matter during digestion and assimilation of food?

    <p>'Waste' matter is not accounted for in measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Hybrid matter' or 'in-between states' can be observed in some samples when:

    <p>The sample is composed of many small pieces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of an atom?

    <p>The smallest particle of an element that cannot be divided further</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with the first suggestion that matter is composed of atoms?

    <p>Leucippus and Democritus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diameter of a single carbon atom?

    <p>$0.000000015$ cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mass of a billion lead atoms?

    <p>$3 \times 10^{-13}$ grams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do elements like helium, neon, and argon consist of?

    <p>Individual atoms that move freely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are molecules composed of?

    <p>Two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who supported the hypothesis that matter is composed of atoms with quantitative measurements?

    <p>John Dalton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen if a minimally sized piece of gold (an atom) were divided further according to the text?

    <p>It would no longer be gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of a water molecule?

    <p>2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the decomposition of water, how many hydrogen molecules are produced from two water molecules?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is required for combustion of a fuel?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential advantage of fuel-cell vehicles (FCV) over vehicles with internal combustion engines?

    <p>Higher efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary components used to produce the case/body/frame of a cell phone?

    <p>Polycarbonate thermoplastics and light structural metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What materials are commonly used in the circuit board of a cell phone?

    <p>Copper, tin, silver, and gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of glass is the display screen of a cell phone typically made from?

    <p>Silica glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of coating the display screen with a conductive material?

    <p>To make it conductive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If water molecules inside an enlarged ordinary glass of water were the size of golf balls, what would be the size of glucose molecules?

    <p>The size of baseballs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms in water molecules?

    <p>2:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gases are produced by the breakdown of water through rearranging its atoms?

    <p>Hydrogen and Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property distinguishes oxygen from hydrogen in terms of flammability?

    <p>Both oxygen and hydrogen are flammable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What element is required for the combustion of a fuel?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What materials are predominantly used in the case/body/frame of a cell phone?

    <p>Polymers primarily composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element plays a crucial role in the battery of a cell phone?

    <p>Lithium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser