10 Questions
Distillation is a method of separation of components from a solid mixture.
False
The aim of distillation is to increase the boiling point of a liquid.
False
There are five types of distillation.
False
Simple distillation is used for the separation of liquids having boiling points ranging from 30 °C to 200 °C.
False
Vacuum distillation is used for the separation of liquids with low boiling points.
False
Steam distillation is used for the separation of miscible compounds.
False
Fractional distillation is used to separate mixtures in which the components have boiling points that differ by a large degree.
False
Fractional distillation involves collecting separate fractions according to uncontrolled boiling ranges.
False
Distillation is a process of purification of solid organic compounds.
False
Distillation is used to separate liquid organic substances from each other.
True
Study Notes
Distillation
- Distillation is a method of separating components from a liquid mixture based on differences in boiling points and distribution between liquid and gas phases.
- It is also a process of purifying liquid organic compounds by converting them to the vapor state with heat and condensing the vapors back to the liquid state.
Aim of Distillation
- Purify liquid organic substances
- Determine the boiling point
- Separate liquid organic substances from each other or from a solid compound
Types of Distillation
- There are four types of distillation: simple distillation, vacuum distillation, steam distillation, and fractional distillation
Simple Distillation
- Used for separating liquids with boiling points between 30 °C to 150 °C
- Suitable for heat-stable substances
Vacuum Distillation
- Used for separating liquids with high boiling points or those unstable to heat
- Overcomes difficulties by lowering the pressure, thus lowering the boiling point
Steam Distillation
- Used for separating water-immiscible compounds of low volatility from non-volatile tarry products
- Often used for by-products formed in many reactions
Fractional Distillation
- Used to separate mixtures with components having boiling points differing by only a few degrees
- Employs a fractionating column to collect separate fractions according to controlled boiling ranges during distillation
Learn about the process of distillation, its purpose, and applications in separating and purifying liquid organic compounds. Understand the basics of distillation, its aim, and its significance in chemistry.
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